Quantification of protein Z expression in lung adenocarcinoma tissues and cells

Abstract

As a regulator of coagulation, abnormal Protein Z (PZ) expression may lead to the formation of blood clots in humans. While previous studies have shown that PZ protein is altered in several types of cancer, however, additional observations are needed to understand the complex biology involved. Herein, we investigated local alterations in PZ expression in lung adenocarcinomas by measuring gene and protein expression in both cancerous and normal lung tissues. Twenty-two (22) specimens of lung adenocarcinoma and 22 specimens of normal lung tissues from human patients were compared for the expression of PZ. In addition, A549 adenocarcinoma cells were compared to a normal epithelial cell line, 16-HBE, for in vitro PZ expression. In tissues and cells, PZ protein and gene expression were determined using western blot, immunohistochemistry and PCR. Lung adenocarcinoma tissues showed elevated expression of both PZ mRNA and protein compared with healthy tissue. Only protein expression was increased in cultured cell lines, which holds implications for the dominant source of PZ in tissues, as well as protein modifications necessary for PZ function. Protein Z appears to be associated with the presence of lung adenocarcinoma and may be a viable prognostic biomarker for lung cancer.

Co-localization of Coagulation Factor X and its Inhibitory System, PZ/ZPI, in Human Endometrial Cancer Tissue

“…However, the data on the PZ/ZPI in endometrial cancer site are obscure. The present study revealed PZ and ZPI expression in endometrial cancer cells, similarly to previous studies that have demonstrated PZ/ZPI presence in breast, colon, gastric and non-small cell lung cancer tissue (44)(45)(46)(51)(52)(53)(54). These studies have also revealed the presence of PZ/ZPI mRNA at cancer sites, implicating in loco synthesis of these proteins.…”

PROZ May Serve as a Prognostic Biomarker for Early Hepatocellular Carcinoma

“…25,26 Additionally, the mRNA and protein expression levels of PROZ were elevated in lung adenocarcinoma cells compared to normal healthy lung tissues and might serve as a prognostic biomarker for lung cancer. 27 However, PROZ was found to be decreased in HCC tissues compared with control tissues and was significantly associated with overall survival in HCC. 28 This was consistent with the results of this study.…”

“… 25 , 26 Additionally, the mRNA and protein expression levels of PROZ were elevated in lung adenocarcinoma cells compared to normal healthy lung tissues and might serve as a prognostic biomarker for lung cancer. 27 …”

An ultrafine spider-like carbon nanonet for high performance air filters, health monitoring sensors, and green energy generators

“…The current materials used for face masks are polypropylene (PP) meltblown nonwovens with a large ber diameter and pore size, resulting in a relatively low ltration efficiency for capturing ultrane particulate matter. [13][14][15] Therefore, the electret treatment of PP meltblown nonwovens is required to enhance the ltration efficiency of ultrane PM, which predominantly relies on electrostatic adsorption and therefore does not increase air resistance. However, it is a challenge to maintain the long-term stability and strict safety requirements of electret charges due to their sensitivity to ambient temperature and humidity, which negatively affect ltration efficiency.…”