Quantification of Prolactin Messenger Ribonucleic Acid, Pituitary Content and Plasma Levels of Prolactin, and Detection of Immunoreactive Isoforms of Prolactin in Pituitaries from Turkey Embryos During Ontogeny1

Abstract

The content of prolactin mRNA as well as total prolactin content and type of isoforms of prolactin were measured in single pituitary glands from turkey embryos and poults. Levels of mRNA and pituitary content of prolactin remained low until 5 days before hatching, while plasma concentrations remained low until 2 days before hatching. Levels of prolactin mRNA then increased until the day of hatch, stayed stable during the 3 first days of age, and significantly increased until 2 wk of age. Similar changes were observed in pituitary content and plasma levels of prolactin. Two immunoreactive bands of apparent molecular masses of 24 and 27 kDa, corresponding to the nonglycosylated and glycosylated form of prolactin, respectively, were visualized on Western blots. In pituitary glands from embryos at 22 days of incubation, 31.5% of the protein was glycosylated, whereas in embryos at 27 days of incubation and poults at 1 and 7 days of age, 48.6%, 48.0%, and 56. 0% of prolactin was glycosylated, respectively. The results indicate that the increases in the synthesis and the release of prolactin occur mainly around and after the time of hatching in the turkey embryo. Higher percentages of glycosylated isoforms were associated with increasing levels of total prolactin in the pituitary gland. Thus, the synthesis of prolactin and its post-translational modifications may be important factors involved in the physiologic changes occurring around the time of hatching.

Characterization and Expression of Turkey Prolactin Regulatory Element Binding in the Anterior Pituitary Gland and Pancreas During Embryogenesis

“…Decrease of PRL mRNA levels between embryonic day 20 and hatching day was observed in the Gifujidori (Ishida et al, 1991), whereas no changes of PRL mRNA levels was observed in the White Leghorn (Hiyama et al, 2015). Similarly, increase of PRL mRNA levels between 27 of embryonic day and day of hatch was reported in the turkey (Bédécarrats et al, 1999). However, decrease of PRL mRNA levels was detected in this study.…”

Effectiveness of post particular prolactin administration on follicle development the count in mice (Mouse muscle) female

“…The gonadotropin hormones consist of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinising Hormone (LH). The main function of FSH is to stimulate the growth and development of follicles in the ovaries in the primordial phase so that the follicles become mature (the count) but do not cause ovulation [12]. FSH causes follicles to become more sensitive to LH [13].…”

“…In more depth, [19] said that the hormone prolactin targets organs directly on the ovaries and initiates ovarian regression so that no growth and development of follicles occurs. Furthermore, the hormone prolactin can cause anti-gonadal effects [12,20,22]. This effect causes inhibition of follicular growth and development.…”

Metode Pembuatan Antiprolaktin Pada Hewan Coba Kambing Lokal Sebagai Penghambat Proses Rontok Bulu Pada Ayam Arab Petelur

“…Menurut Hafez (2000) dan Knobil et al (1988), rontok bulu pada seekor ayam disebabkan oleh tingginya kadar hormon prolaktin dalam darah. Hormon prolaktin merupakan hormon protein dengan berat molekul (BM) 24.000-27.000 Da (Yamamoto and Tanaka, 2003;Bedecarrats et al, 1999;March, et al, 1999) dan kandungan asam amino sebanyak 199 (Jabbour and Kelly, 1997). Tingginya kadar hormon prolaktin dalam darah selain dapat menyebabkan terjadinya kerontokan bulu pada ayam petelur ternyata juga dapat menyebabkan terjadinya regresi ovarium, yaitu suatu keadaan di mana tidak terjadinya pertumbuhan folikel pada ovarium sehingga unggas akan berhenti bertelur dalam jangka waktu yang cukup lama (Ramesh et al, 2001).…”