Quantification of Phosphatidic Acid in Foodstuffs Using a Thin-Layer-Chromatography-Imaging Technique

Abstract

Apical application of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a growth-factor-like phospholipid, was shown to prevent or restore gastrointestinal (GI) disorders, such as diarrhea and stomach ulcer, in experimental animals. Because LPA is formed from phosphatidic acid (PA) by the activity of digestive phospholipase A(2), PA is a potential component for dietary treatment of such GI disorders. Here, we quantified PA contained in 38 foodstuffs and 3 herbs by a thin-layer-chromatography-imaging technique. Vegetables belonging to Brassicaceae, such as cabbage leaves (700 nmol/g of wet weight) and Japanese radish leaves (570 nmol/g), contained higher amounts of PA than other foodstuffs. Amounts of PA in fruits, cereals, and starchy root vegetables were below 300 nmol/g. Animal foodstuffs contained low amounts of PA (<60 nmol/g). Interestingly, leaves of Mallotus japonicas, a Japanese edible herb used for treatment of stomach ulcer, had the highest PA (1410 nmol/g) among those examined. The data shown here will be useful for the development of dietary treatment for a damaged GI tract.

Transgenic 6F tomatoes act on the small intestine to prevent systemic inflammation and dyslipidemia caused by Western diet and intestinally derived lysophosphatidic acid

“…Additionally, PA, a direct precursor to LPA, is also present in small amounts in food ( 32 ). Interestingly, leafy vegetables contain more PA and LPA per gram than meat ( 30,32 ). Consistent with these fi ndings, we found that the chow diet contained more preformed LPA than did WD and at least as much PA ( Table 1 ).…”

“…Unsaturated (but not saturated) LPA appears to be well absorbed ( 31 ). Additionally, PA, a direct precursor to LPA, is also present in small amounts in food ( 32 ). Interestingly, leafy vegetables contain more PA and LPA per gram than meat ( 30,32 ).…”

Restoration of Na+/H+ exchanger NHE3-containing macrocomplexes ameliorates diabetes-associated fluid loss

“…Our study provides a proof of principle that LPA has the potential to stimulate Na + and water absorption in T1DM. In addition to the cellular generation, LPA is present in significant amounts in several types of foodstuffs, including eggs, soybeans, and cabbage leaves (59), and future studies to test whether LPA-rich foods alleviate diabetes-associated diarrhea would be worthy. Although it is tempting to suggest that LPA or LPA-rich foods can be used as alternative therapy for diabetic patients with frequent diarrhea, this should be approached with caution, since the roots of diabetes-associated diarrheal may be complex and the biology of LPA is incompletely understood.…”

Distinct Phospholipase C-β Isozymes Mediate Lysophosphatidic Acid Receptor 1 Effects on Intestinal Epithelial Homeostasis and Wound Closure

“…Therefore, the absence of LPA 1 reduced healing of mechanical biopsy-induced injury, and consistently, inhibition of LPA 1 markedly impeded recovery from DSS-induced colitis. Certain foods are rich in LPA (49), and hence, our study presents the possibility that LPA-rich foods may affect the homeostasis of intestinal cell renewal and enhance healing of epithelial damage. Recently, LPA 1 has been linked to pulmonary and renal fibrosis (50,51), and clinical trials to test the efficacy of LPA 1 inhibitors in treatment of fibrotic diseases are expected to follow.…”