Quantification of Pesticide Residues in Vegetables by Different Chromatographic Techniques

Abstract

Cypermethrin, chlorpyrifos and imidacloprid residues were determined in different vegetables. During 2013, samples were collected from different six major vegetable markets from Lahore. Ethyl acetate was used for extraction, whattman fluted filter and charcoal was used for cleaning procedure. High performance thin layer chromatography was used for detection, as well as quantification of pesticides. Confirmation of results was done by using gas chromatography/mass spectrophotometer. From results, it was concluded that different vegetables contain different concentration of pesticides means adsorption rate is different for each pesticide and vegetable. 79% samples were contaminated with cypermethrin, 70% from imidacloprid and 65% samples were contaminated from chlorpyrifos. Pumpkin, okra, egg plant, cucumber spinach and cabbage were contaminated with pesticides. Peeling of vegetables resulted in less concentration of pesticide.

Determination of Levels of Organochlorine, Organophosphorus, and Pyrethroid Pesticide Residues in Vegetables from Markets in Dar es Salaam by GC-MS

“…The findings of this study are comparable to the findings of the study conducted by Munawar and Hameed [14] on cabbage samples collected from markets in Pakistan that revealed the concentrations of chlorpyrifos ranging from ND to 0.075 mg/kg and those of cypermethrin ranging from ND to 0.14 mg/kg. The field study on cabbage samples conducted in Tanzania by Meela [10] did not detect the chlorpyrifos and cypermethrin; instead it reported fenitrothion at concentrations up to 2.56 mg/kg.…”

“…The results obtained from this study show that the concentrations of chlorpyrifos were far above the concentrations obtained by Munawar and Hameed [14] who found that spinach samples collected from six markets in Pakistan contained chlorpyrifos at levels ranging from ND to 0.184 mg/kg while the concentrations of cypermethrin ranging from 0.01 to 0.156 mg/kg were comparable to the concentrations of cypermethrin obtained in this study. The field study on Amaranths spp.…”

A Review on the Concentration of the Pesticides in Milk, Dairy Products, Vegetables and Fruits

“…As the groundwater, sewage water is used for irrigation the pesticides are bioaccumulated in the vegetables and fruits. Pesticides Cypermethrin, Chlorpyrifos, and imidacloprid were detected in the 65-70% of the Pumpkin, okra, eggplant; cucumber spinach and cabbage vegetables collected from Lahore city market (Munawar & Hameed, 2013). About 38% of fruit samples and 16% of vegetables grown in Poland were contaminated with more than one pesticide beyond the permissible limit was the findings of Szpyrka et al, (2015).…”

Review of advances in the thin layer chromatography of pesticides: 2012–2014

“…Samples were extracted with ethyl acetate, extracts were cleaned up on a charcoal column, methanol-ammonia mobile phase was used with silica gel plates, and potassium iodide and o-tolidine were applied to detect yellowish-brown zones of the pesticides. [57] A TLC method for simultaneous QC determination of the herbicides 2,4-D, 2,4,5-T, MCPA, 2,4-DP, MCPP, dicamba, and MCPB in natural surface and ground water samples was developed and validated. Silica gel 60 F 254 plates were developed with benzene-dioxane-acetic acid (45:10:2), and scanning was at 280 nm.…”