Quantification of p-Phenylenediamine in Hair Dyes and Health Risk Implications in the UAE: Describing Discordances Between Regulations and Real-Life Practices
Ammar Jairoun,
Sabaa Al-Hemyari,
Moyad Shahwan
et al.
Abstract:Background
p-Phenylenediamine (PPD) has been used over the past five decades as a primary precursor in the production of oxidative hair dyes. Numerous health dangers are associated with the short- and long-term use of PPD, raising concerns about its safety. For instance, mounting data suggests that PPD is linked to dermatitis and allergy cases.
Objective
To quantify the PPD content in hair dyes by measuring the PPD concentration after mixing the ingredients of commercia… Show more
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