Quantification of natural and synthetic glucocorticoids in calf urine following different growth-promoting prednisolone treatments

Famele, Marco; Ferranti, Carolina; Palleschi, Luca; Abenavoli, Carmelo; Fidente, Rosanna Maria; Pezzolato, Marzia; Botta, Mario; Bozzetta, Elena; Draisci, Rosa

doi:10.1016/j.steroids.2015.10.002

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Our finding of endogenous prednisolone and prednisone in substantial urinary concentrations in rehab harbour seal pups was unexpected. Endogenous urinary prednisolone has been found to occur only in very low concentrations in cattle, with the CL:PL ratio of 25:1 in adult cows (Chiesa et al, 2017), 29–64:1 in veal calves, Famele et al, 2015), and only ~100:1 in humans (Fidan et al, 2013). Endogenous urinary PN has so far been reported as absent in adult cattle (Chiesa et al 2017, Vincenti et al 2012), although present in trace amounts (CL:PN ratio 43:1) in a small proportion of veal calves (Famele et al 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary glucocorticoids in harbour seal (Phoca vitulina) pups during rehabilitation

Sc¹,

Villanueva

Jones

et al. 2019

Preprint

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17The aim of this empirical study was to investigate whether aspects of the care and conditions of 18 harbour seal (Phoca vitulina) pups in rehabilitation centres may be reflected in urinary concentrations 19 of glucocorticoid hormones (GCs). Urine samples were collected non-invasively from pups at five 20 different rehabilitation centres, three on the Irish Sea and two in the southern North Sea. 21Concentrations of urinary cortisol (CL) were analysed by ELISA from one centre and subsequently 22 concentrations of CL, cortisone (CN), prednisolone (PL) and prednisone (PN) were analysed by mass 23 spectrometry. Urinary concentrations of PN and PL were found to be of similar magnitude to CL. CL, 24CN and PL concentrations were reciprocally correlated, but PN was not correlated with CL and only 25 weakly correlated with the other three GCs. The strongest associations between GC concentrations and 26 pup conditions and procedures were negative correlations of PN with growth rate of individual pups 27 and body weight. Differences in GC concentrations, particularly CL, between pups in different social 28 groupings (pups alone, paired or in groups of more than two) were also detected. On the basis of our 29 results, we suggest that harbour seal pups should be fed a dietfrom first entry to a rescue centre -30 which maximises weight gain; this should not only help to prevent chronically elevated GC levels 31 during the rehabilitation period, but would also minimise time spent in captivity.32 33

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary glucocorticoids in harbour seal (Phoca vitulina) pups during rehabilitation

Sc¹,

Villanueva

Jones

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…When the analysis was significant, to isolate the group that differs from the others, pairwise multiple comparison procedures (Tukey's test) were applied. The following subscripts refer to statistically significant pairwise difference: also indicated the urinary free 6β-F/F as new promising screening test for detection of long-term DX illicit administration in cattle, but very resent data suggest that it could not be a reliable biomarker of illicit DX treatment as presence of 6β-F was not always registered (Famele et al 2015).…”

Section: Methods Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

HPLC-ESI-MS/MS assessment of the tetrahydro-metabolites of cortisol and cortisone in bovine urine: promising markers of dexamethasone and prednisolone treatment

Chiesa

Panseri

Pavlović

et al. 2016

Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A

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The effects of long-term administration of low doses of dexamethasone (DX) and prednisolone (PL) on the metabolism of endogenous corticosteroids were investigated in veal calves. In addition to cortisol (F) and cortisone (E), whose interconversion is regulated by 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (11βHSDs), special attention was paid to tetrahydrocortisol (THF), allo-tetrahydrocortisol (aTHF), tetrahydrocortisone (THE) and allo-tetrahydrocortisone (aTHE), which are produced from F and E by catalytic activity of 5α and 5β-reductases. A specifically developed HPLC-ESI-MS/MS method achieved the complete chromatographic separation of two pairs of diastereoisomers (THF/aTHF and THE/aTHE), which, with appropriate mass fragmentation patterns, provided an unambiguous conformation. The method was linear (r 2 > 0.9905; 0.5-25 ng ml . Recoveries were in range 75-114%, while matrix effects were minimal. The experimental study was carried out on three groups of male Friesian veal calves: group PL (n = 6, PL acetate 15 mg day -1 p.o. for 31 days); group DX (n = 5, 5 mg of estradiol (E2) i.m., weekly, and 0.4 mg day -1 of DX p.o. for 31 days) and a control group (n = 8). Urine was collected before, during (twice) and at the end of treatment. During PL administration, the tetrahydro-metabolite levels decreased gradually and remained low after the suspension of treatment. DX reduced urinary THF that persisted after the treatment, while THE levels decreased during the experiment, but rebounded substantially after the DX was withdrawn. Both DX and PL significantly interfered with the production of F and E, leading to their complete depletion. Taken together, the results demonstrate the influence of DX and PL administration on 11βHSD activity and their impact on dysfunction of the 5-reductase pathway. In conclusion, profiling tetrahydrometabolites of F and E might serve as an alternative, indirect but reliable, non-invasive procedure for assessing the impact of synthetic glucocorticosteroids administration. ARTICLE HISTORY

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“…It has been used to treat mastitis, ketosis, musculoskeletal disorders, allergic diseases, and skin diseases in ruminants [10]. The use of PSL for growth promotion in livestock has been banned in many countries, and its use is permitted only for the treatment of cattle diseases [11]. Even when used to treat disease, the use of PSL is strictly controlled and can only be used if prescribed by a veterinarian.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even when used to treat disease, the use of PSL is strictly controlled and can only be used if prescribed by a veterinarian. Also, PSL residues can be potentially toxic to consumers, so their use in livestock must be strictly regulated [11]. Therefore, establishing the withdrawal period of PLS is an essential issue, and it is strictly regulated by setting a maximum retention limit (MRL) for milk [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, PSL residues can be potentially toxic to consumers, so their use in livestock must be strictly regulated [11]. Therefore, establishing the withdrawal period of PLS is an essential issue, and it is strictly regulated by setting a maximum retention limit (MRL) for milk [11,12]. For animal medicines that have no set MRL values, the United States, the European Union, and Japan have introduced a Positive List System (PLS) that applies a uniform standard (0.01 mg/kg) to all animal medicines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Establishment of the Maximum Residual Limit in the Milk of Dairy Cows Injected Intramuscularly with Prednisolone

Rha,

Yang,

Kim

et al. 2023

Veterinary Sciences

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We measured the levels of prednisolone (PSL) residues in milk of intramuscularly dosed dairy cows and established a withdrawal time (WT) of PSL in milk. Eight healthy Holstein cows were injected with 10 (PSL-1) or 20 (PSL-2) mL of 10 mg/mL of PSL, and then, their milk was sampled at 12 h intervals for five days. PSL residue concentrations in milk were determined using LC-MS/MS. The correlation coefficient of the calibration curve was 0.9976. The limit of detection (LOD) and the limit of quantification (LOQ) were 0.2 µg/kg and 0.6 μg/kg, respectively. Recoveries ranged from 96.5% to 110.0%, and the coefficient of variation was <5.64%. At 24 h after administration, PSL levels in PSL-1 and PSL-2 were below the LOQ in all milk samples. Although this study had a smaller sample size than the European Medicines Agency’s recommendations (n = 20), it was based on the Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency guidelines of the Republic of Korea (n = 8) for the determination of withdrawal periods in milk. We established the withdrawal period for both PSL-1 and PSL-2 in milk at 12 h. In conclusion, we developed an analytical method that is sensitive and can reliably detect PSL in milk, and our estimated WT of PSL in bovine milk is shorter than the current 3-day withdrawal period of PSL in commercial PSL products.

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Quantification of natural and synthetic glucocorticoids in calf urine following different growth-promoting prednisolone treatments

Cited by 7 publications

References 18 publications

Urinary glucocorticoids in harbour seal (Phoca vitulina) pups during rehabilitation

Urinary glucocorticoids in harbour seal (Phoca vitulina) pups during rehabilitation

HPLC-ESI-MS/MS assessment of the tetrahydro-metabolites of cortisol and cortisone in bovine urine: promising markers of dexamethasone and prednisolone treatment

Establishment of the Maximum Residual Limit in the Milk of Dairy Cows Injected Intramuscularly with Prednisolone

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