Quantification of myelin in children using multiparametric quantitative MRI: a pilot study

Kim, Hyun Gi; Moon, Won-Jin; Han, Jinjoo; Choi, Jin Wook

doi:10.1007/s00234-017-1889-9

Cited by 33 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Myelination involves a step-wise process that requires oligodendrocyte progenitor generation and proliferation; cell migration and differentiation into oligodendrocytes; process extension and their interaction with axons; synthesis and trafficking of membrane, wrapping, and compaction; and the establishment of axo-glial junctions [ 60 , 61 , 62 ]. The coating of the axon of each neuron with a lipid-rich coating called myelin is essential for normal brain function and is a cornerstone of human neurodevelopment [ 63 , 64 ].…”

Section: Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intersection of Brain Development and Paediatric Diffuse Midline Gliomas: Potential Role of Microenvironment in Tumour Growth

Loveson

Fillmore

2018

Brain Sciences

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Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is a devastating and incurable paediatric brain tumour with a median overall survival of 9 months. Until recently, DIPGs were treated similarly to adult gliomas, but due to the advancement in molecular and imaging technologies, our understanding of these tumours has increased dramatically. While extensive research is being undertaken to determine the function of the molecular aberrations in DIPG, there are significant gaps in understanding the biology and the influence of the tumour microenvironment on DIPG growth, specifically in regards to the developing pons. The precise orchestration and co-ordination of the development of the brain, the most complex organ in the body, is still not fully understood. Herein, we present a brief overview of brainstem development, discuss the developing microenvironment in terms of DIPG growth, and provide a basis for the need for studies focused on bridging pontine development and DIPG microenvironment. Conducting investigations in the context of a developing brain will lead to a better understanding of the role of the tumour microenvironment and will help lead to identification of drivers of tumour growth and therapeutic resistance.

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Section: Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intersection of Brain Development and Paediatric Diffuse Midline Gliomas: Potential Role of Microenvironment in Tumour Growth

Loveson

Fillmore

2018

Brain Sciences

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“…If a larger group of subjects with older ages were included, there might have been significant differences in the above-mentioned regions as well. Synthetic MR imaging may not only allow quantitative assessment 3 but also enhance the qualitative assessment of myelination degree in children.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Slice thickness was 3 mm, and the FOV was 20 ϫ 20 cm. 3 For synthetic T1WI, the parameters were TR ϭ 550 ms and TE ϭ 10 ms. For synthetic PSIR, the parameters were TR ϭ 6000 ms, TE ϭ 10 ms, and TI ϭ 500 ms. The parameters for synthetic PSIR were the default setting of the MR imaging scanner.…”

Section: Image Acquisitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluating Tissue Contrast and Detecting White Matter Injury in the Infant Brain: A Comparison Study of Synthetic Phase-Sensitive Inversion Recovery

Kim¹,

Jung²,

Choi³

et al. 2019

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

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BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Synthetic MR imaging enables the acquisition of phase-sensitive inversion recovery images. The aim of this study was to compare the image quality of synthetic phase-sensitive inversion recovery with that of other sequences in infants. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Brain MR imaging with 3D T1-weighted fast-spoiled gradient recalled, synthetic T1WI, and synthetic phasesensitive inversion recovery of 91 infants was compared. Contrast between unmyelinated WM and myelinated WM and between unmyelinated WM and cortical GM was calculated. Qualitative evaluation of image quality and myelination degree was performed. In infants with punctate white matter injuries, the number of lesions was compared. RESULTS: The contrast between unmyelinated WM and myelinated WM was higher in synthetic phase-sensitive inversion recovery compared with fast-spoiled gradient recalled or synthetic T1WI (P Ͻ .001). Compared with synthetic T1WI, synthetic phase-sensitive inversion recovery showed higher gray-white matter differentiation (P Ͻ .001) and myelination degree in the cerebellar peduncle (P Ͻ .001). The number of detected punctate white matter injuries decreased with synthetic phase-sensitive inversion recovery compared with fast-spoiled gradient recalled sequences (1.2 Ϯ 3.2 versus 3.4 Ϯ 3.6, P ϭ .001). CONCLUSIONS: Synthetic phase-sensitive inversion recovery has the potential to improve tissue contrast and image quality in the brain MR imaging of infants. However, we have to be aware that synthetic phase-sensitive inversion recovery has limited value when assessing punctate white matter injuries compared with 3D fast-spoiled gradient recalled imaging. ABBREVIATIONS: CP ϭ cerebellar peduncle; FSPGR ϭ fast-spoiled gradient recalled; GM-WM ϭ gray-white matter differentiation; mWM ϭ myelinated white matter; PSIR ϭ phase-sensitive inversion recovery; uWM ϭ unmyelinated white matter

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“…Recent development of non-invasive MR-based protocols has opened many opportunities to provide accurate multiscale and multimodal explanations of brain-behaviour associations, including the assessment of brain perfusion with arterial spin labelling (Leung et al, 2016; Armitage et al, 2017), brain morphology (i.e. brain volume, sulci shape and depth, gray matter density, cortical thickness, myelin and ion density) with multiparametric quantitative MRI (Kim et al, 2017; Carey et al, 2018), and white matter microstructure with diffusion MRI (Lundell et al, 2019). When designing experiments with task-based fMRI paradigms in children, it is recommended if scanning time permits, to add a task-free fMRI run for resting-state network segregation, a diffusion MRI acquisition and a high-resolution anatomical scan.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Educational fMRI: From the Lab to the Classroom

2019

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Functional MRI (fMRI) findings hold many potential applications for education, and yet, the translation of fMRI findings to education has not flowed. Here, we address the types of fMRI that could better support applications of neuroscience to the classroom. This ‘educational fMRI’ comprises eight main challenges: (1) collecting artifact-free fMRI data in school-aged participants and in vulnerable young populations, (2) investigating heterogenous cohorts with wide variability in learning abilities and disabilities, (3) studying the brain under natural and ecological conditions, given that many practical topics of interest for education can be addressed only in ecological contexts, (4) depicting complex age-dependent associations of brain and behaviour with multi-modal imaging, (5) assessing changes in brain function related to developmental trajectories and instructional intervention with longitudinal designs, (6) providing system-level mechanistic explanations of brain function, so that useful individualized predictions about learning can be generated, (7) reporting negative findings, so that resources are not wasted on developing ineffective interventions, and (8) sharing data and creating large-scale longitudinal data repositories to ensure transparency and reproducibility of fMRI findings for education. These issues are of paramount importance to the development of optimal fMRI practices for educational applications.

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Quantification of myelin in children using multiparametric quantitative MRI: a pilot study

Abstract: Multiparametric quantitative MRI depicts the normal developmental pattern of myelination in children. It is a potential tool for research studies on pediatric brain development evaluation.

Cited by 33 publications

References 38 publications

Intersection of Brain Development and Paediatric Diffuse Midline Gliomas: Potential Role of Microenvironment in Tumour Growth

Intersection of Brain Development and Paediatric Diffuse Midline Gliomas: Potential Role of Microenvironment in Tumour Growth

Evaluating Tissue Contrast and Detecting White Matter Injury in the Infant Brain: A Comparison Study of Synthetic Phase-Sensitive Inversion Recovery

Educational fMRI: From the Lab to the Classroom

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