Quantification of Liquid Holdup in the Dropping Zone of a Blast Furnace—A Cold Model Study

Gupta, G. S.; Naveen, K. P.

doi:10.1007/s11663-007-9040-7

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Several researchers have pointed out that channeling of liquid flow may occur in a relatively large scale packed bed. 8,9,11) However, in the lab-scale high temperature experiments, the experimental system was not large enough to identify the channeling effect. Therefore, it is more realistic to consider the static holdup without taking into account the channeling effect.…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] Shulman et al 2) suggested that the liquid holdup is composed of static and operating (dynamic) hold-up. Because of the difficulties encountered in high temperature experiments, many cold model studies have been widely carried out.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because of the difficulties encountered in high temperature experiments, many cold model studies have been widely carried out. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] In the cold model studies, aqueous solutions and alumina or waxed spheres were generally used instead of liquid slags and carbonaceous materials, respectively. However, in the cold model studies, the density of the liquid is smaller than the solid particles, whereas the density of the liquid slag in the BF operations is larger than the solid carbonaceous materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Static Holdup of Liquid Slag in Carbonaceous Beds

Jang

Shin

et al. 2014

ISIJ Int.

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The static holdup of liquid slag in carbonaceous beds at high temperatures was studied using lab-scale experiments. The effects of particle size, type of carbonaceous materials, and slag composition on the static holdup of liquid slag were investigated. The particle diameter was found to be the most important factor determining the static holdup. From the experimental results, the empirical dimensionless correlation for the static holdup of liquid slag (Hs) in the carbonaceous beds was derived in terms of the modified capillary number (Cpm).

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Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Static Holdup of Liquid Slag in Carbonaceous Beds

Jang

Shin

et al. 2014

ISIJ Int.

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“…10) The interaction between solid substrates such as packed beds and liquid materials have been studied by several researchers. [12][13][14][15] Among them, Jeong et al recently found out that the permeability of liquid iron in a coke bed could be enhanced by adding a new liquid material of different phase, namely, slag. In their experiments, they intentionally added both the molten iron and liquid slag into a coke bed at 1 500°C, and observed that their flows became enhanced compared with the single flow of iron and slag in the coke bed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytic Approach for the Effect of Interfacial Tension on the Liquid Drop Flow in a Simple Packed Bed

Jeong

Jung

2016

ISIJ Int.

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In a packed bed system, the interfacial tensions of liquid drops highly affect their flow behavior by changing the direction of the interfacial tensions in the liquid-solid-gas interface. The vertical directional interfacial forces of a liquid drop in a packed bed of small particles were calculated using a 3-D analytic calculation model. Regardless of the wettability of a solid surface, the interfacial tension induces the resisting force against the gravitational force. In short, the interfacial tension limits the flow of a liquid drop along the direction of the gravitational force. In case two liquid drops of different phases directly contact each other in a packed bed, one of the interfaces of each drop is shared, and the influence of the interfacial force decreased so that the liquid drops could move down through the void between particles compared with the case a single drop. If the shared interface of two liquid drops of which one is nonwettable and the other is wettable has lower contact angle than that of the liquid-gas interface of the liquid drop, then the drops experience the downward force along the direction of the gravity in the larger range of the position in the packed bed.

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] Most of experiments have been carried out by using water models. [2][3][4] The surface tension of water is quite different from that of the liquid HCI and the slag.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trickle Flow Behaviors of Liquid Iron and Molten Slag in the Lower Part of Blast Furnace

2013

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In-situ observations of the liquid high carbon iron (HCI) and slag flows in coke bed was carried out by using high temperature X-ray fluoroscopy at 1 773 K. Along with the observation, 2-dimensional multiphase computational simulations of the liquid HCI and slag flows in the coke bed was carried out to investigate the effect of the slag on the HCI flow in the coke bed. The liquid HCI cannot pass through the coke bed with the coke diameter of 3-5 mm, however, the HCI can pass through the same size coke bed if the HCI comes into contact with the slag in the coke bed. When the HCI and slag contact each other on the coke surface, the contact angle of the HCI with slag decreases and its wettability increases. On the other hand, the slag's contact angle increases and it changes to non-wettable phase. Based on the experimental and simulation results, it is confirmed that the contact angle change due to the HCI-slag contact makes them pass though the narrow coke slit which is small enough to prevent both of the liquid phases from flowing down if they do not contact each other. Based on the capillary rise model, the driving force of the HCI penetration into the coke bed will be the energy reduction by extending area of the coke surface covered with the liquid HCI.

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Quantification of Liquid Holdup in the Dropping Zone of a Blast Furnace—A Cold Model Study

Cited by 9 publications

References 29 publications

Static Holdup of Liquid Slag in Carbonaceous Beds

Static Holdup of Liquid Slag in Carbonaceous Beds

Analytic Approach for the Effect of Interfacial Tension on the Liquid Drop Flow in a Simple Packed Bed

Trickle Flow Behaviors of Liquid Iron and Molten Slag in the Lower Part of Blast Furnace

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