Quantification of human lung structure and physiology using hyperpolarized <sup>129</sup>Xe

Chang, Yulin V.; Quirk, James D.; Ruset, Iulian C.; Atkinson, Jeffrey J.; Hersman, F. W.; Woods, Jason C.

doi:10.1002/mrm.24992

Cited by 53 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The mean ST and S/V values derived in this work are comparable to estimates obtained from alternative methods: ST ∼10 µm from histological methods including computerized morphometry ; and S/V in healthy volunteers ∼250 cm −1 from histological methods and 200–240 cm −1 from hyperpolarized 3 He diffusion‐weighted MRI (both of these articles also reported a reduced S/V of ∼50–150 cm −1 in a range of patients with severe to mild emphysema). In addition, our results are of the same order as those reported in recent 129 Xe CSSR studies with human subjects . However, direct comparison of the absolute ST and S/V values in this work and other 129 Xe CSSR studies in humans requires careful consideration of any discrepancies in data acquisition and analysis approaches in those works, as discussed below.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…The sequence parameters used were the same as in : binomial‐composite radiofrequency pulses were used for selective saturation of dissolved 129 Xe ; spectra were acquired with a bandwidth of 12 kHz and 64 sampling points; 25 TR settings from 20–1000 ms were swept through sequentially, and the whole TR sweep was repeated three times and averaged. The multi‐sat sequence, as detailed in , employs multiple saturation pulses before each variable wait period and involves no averaging. This sequence was implemented with the following parameters: radiofrequency (RF) pulse and bandwidth as above; 128 sampling points (increased relative to the multi‐sweep implementation, because the minimum achievable exchange time is not limited by the read‐out duration in the multi‐sat sequence); and 21 TR values from 20–1000 ms.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reproducibility of quantitative indices of lung function and microstructure from ¹²⁹ Xe chemical shift saturation recovery (CSSR) MR spectroscopy

et al. 2016

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PurposeTo evaluate the reproducibility of indices of lung microstructure and function derived from 129Xe chemical shift saturation recovery (CSSR) spectroscopy in healthy volunteers and patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and to study the sensitivity of CSSR‐derived parameters to pulse sequence design and lung inflation level.MethodsPreliminary data were collected from five volunteers on three occasions, using two implementations of the CSSR sequence. Separately, three volunteers each underwent CSSR at three different lung inflation levels. After analysis of these preliminary data, five COPD patients were scanned on three separate days, and nine age‐matched volunteers were scanned three times on one day, to assess reproducibility.ResultsCSSR‐derived alveolar septal thickness (ST) and surface‐area‐to‐volume (S/V) ratio values decreased with lung inflation level (P < 0.001; P = 0.057, respectively). Intra‐subject standard deviations of ST were lower than the previously measured differences between volunteers and subjects with interstitial lung disease. The mean coefficient of variation (CV) values of ST were 3.9 ± 1.9% and 6.0 ± 4.5% in volunteers and COPD patients, respectively, similar to CV values for whole‐lung carbon monoxide diffusing capacity. The mean CV of S/V in volunteers and patients was 14.1 ± 8.0% and 18.0 ± 19.3%, respectively.Conclusion 129Xe CSSR presents a reproducible method for estimation of alveolar septal thickness. Magn Reson Med 77:2107–2113, 2017. © 2016 The Authors Magnetic Resonance in Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproducibility of quantitative indices of lung function and microstructure from ¹²⁹ Xe chemical shift saturation recovery (CSSR) MR spectroscopy

et al. 2016

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“…Values obtained from xenon uptake (averaged over all individuals) included: surface-area-to-volume ratio (210 ± 50 cm -1 ); total septal wall thickness (9.2 ± 6.5 μm); blood-air barrier thickness (1.0 ± 0.3 μm); hematocrit (27 ± 4%); pulmonary capillary blood transit time (1.3 ± 0.3 s). All were in good agreement with literature values from invasive experiments [333]. A regional mapping study of gas uptake by blood and tissues (lung parenchyma and plasma) in the human lung was performed using hyperpolarised 129 Xe-MRI.…”

Section: Patchingsupporting

confidence: 85%

NMR-Active Nuclei for Biological and Biomedical Applications

Patching¹

2016

J Diagn Imaging Ther

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Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a principal well-established technique for analysis of chemical, biological, food and environmental samples. This article provides an overview of the properties and applications of NMR-active nuclei (39 nuclei of 33 different elements) used in NMR measurements (solution-and solid-state NMR, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, magnetic resonance imaging) with biological and biomedical systems and samples. The samples include biofluids, cells, tissues, organs or whole body from different organisms (humans, animals, bacteria, fungi, plants) for detecting and quantifying metabolites or environmental samples (water, soils, sediments). Isolated biomolecules (peptides, proteins, nucleic acids) can be analysed for elucidation of atomic-resolution structure, conformation and dynamics and for characterisation of ligand and drug binding, and of protein-ligand, protein-protein and protein-nucleic acid interactions. NMR can be used for drug screening and pharmacokinetics and to provide information in the design and discovery of new drugs. NMR can also measure translocation of ions and small molecules across lipid bilayers and membranes, characterise structure, phase behaviour and dynamics of membranes and elucidate atomic-resolution structure, orientation and dynamics of membrane-embedded peptides and proteins.Keywords: biological and biomedical applications; drug screening; dynamics; magnetic resonance imaging; membrane proteins; metabolomics; MRI; NMR-active nuclei; nuclear magnetic resonance; protein structure INTRODUCTION1 UCLEAR magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is one of the principal techniques used for analysis of biological and biomedical systems and samples. This can include the identification, quantification and monitoring of ions, small molecules and biomolecules in studies of metabolism and biological function in human and animal cells and tissues, bacterial cells and spores, fungi and plants. Similar types of measurements can be performed on environmental samples such as water, soils and sediment. NMR is able to elucidate atomic-resolution structure, conformation, molecular mechanism, dynamics and exchange processes (on timescales of picoseconds to seconds) in biomolecules, especially peptides, proteins and nucleic acids. NMR can be used for the observation, quantification and characterisation of ligand and drug binding to biomolecules, and for characterisation of ligandprotein, protein-protein and protein-nucleic acid interactions. NMR can be used for drug screening and it can acquire structural, binding and kinetic information for the design and discovery of new drugs. It can then monitor the absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME) of administered drugs in pharmacokinetics studies. OPEN ACCESS PEER-REVIEWED*NMR can be used for the observation, quantification and kinetic characterisation of ion and smallmolecule translocation across lipid bilayers and biological membranes, including those of cells, tissues and vesicles. Solid-state NM...

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“…FIDs were down‐sampled to a bandwidth of ± 7.8 kHz, Gaussian filtered, Fourier transformed, and fit to Lorentzian lineshapes extracting the compartmental amplitudes, center frequencies, half‐widths, and phases. These were used to phase‐correct and extract compartmental

T_{2}^{*}

as previously described . Compartmental signal amplitudes were corrected for

T_{2}^{*}

decay between excitation and readout as well as differences in flip angle between the gas and dissolved resonances to properly scale the spectra.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological gas exchange mapping of hyperpolarized ¹²⁹Xe using spiral‐IDEAL and MOXE in a model of regional radiation‐induced lung injury

et al. 2018

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Purpose: To map physiological gas exchange parameters using dissolved hyperpolarized (HP) 129 Xe in a rat model of regional radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) with spiral-IDEAL and the model of xenon exchange (MOXE). Results are compared to quantitative histology of pulmonary tissue and red blood cell (RBC) distribution. Methods: Two cohorts (n = 6 each) of age-matched rats were used. One was irradiated in the rightmedial lung, producing regional injury. Gas exchange was mapped 4 weeks postirradiation by imaging dissolved-phase HP 129 Xe using spiral-IDEAL at five gas exchange timepoints using a clinical 1.5 T scanner. Physiological lung parameters were extracted regionally on a voxel-wise basis using MOXE. Mean gas exchange parameters, specifically air-capillary barrier thickness (d) and hematocrit (HCT) in the right-medial lung were compared to the contralateral lung as well as nonirradiated control animals. Whole-lung spectroscopic analysis of gas exchange was also performed. Results: d was significantly increased (1.43 AE 0.12 lm from 1.07 AE 0.09 lm) and HCT was significantly decreased (17.2 AE 1.2% from 23.6 AE 1.9%) in the right-medial lung (i.e., irradiated region) compared to the contralateral lung of the irradiated rats. These changes were not observed in healthy controls. d and HCT correlated with histologically measured increases in pulmonary tissue heterogeneity (r = 0.77) and decreases in RBC distribution (r = 0.91), respectively. No changes were observed using whole-lung analysis. Conclusion: This work demonstrates the feasibility of mapping gas exchange using HP 129 Xe in an animal model of RILI 4 weeks postirradiation. Spatially resolved gas exchange mapping is sensitive to regional injury between cohorts that was undetected with whole-lung gas exchange analysis, in agreement with histology. Gas exchange mapping holds promise for assessing regional lung function in RILI and other pulmonary diseases.

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Quantification of human lung structure and physiology using hyperpolarized ¹²⁹Xe

Abstract: The initial in vivo human results demonstrate that our proposed methods can be used to noninvasively determine lung physiology by simultaneous quantification of a few important pulmonary parameters. This method is highly promising to become a versatile screening method for lung diseases.

Cited by 53 publications

References 23 publications

Reproducibility of quantitative indices of lung function and microstructure from ¹²⁹ Xe chemical shift saturation recovery (CSSR) MR spectroscopy

Reproducibility of quantitative indices of lung function and microstructure from ¹²⁹ Xe chemical shift saturation recovery (CSSR) MR spectroscopy

NMR-Active Nuclei for Biological and Biomedical Applications

Physiological gas exchange mapping of hyperpolarized ¹²⁹Xe using spiral‐IDEAL and MOXE in a model of regional radiation‐induced lung injury

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Quantification of human lung structure and physiology using hyperpolarized 129Xe

Abstract: The initial in vivo human results demonstrate that our proposed methods can be used to noninvasively determine lung physiology by simultaneous quantification of a few important pulmonary parameters. This method is highly promising to become a versatile screening method for lung diseases.

Cited by 53 publications

References 23 publications

Reproducibility of quantitative indices of lung function and microstructure from 129 Xe chemical shift saturation recovery (CSSR) MR spectroscopy

Reproducibility of quantitative indices of lung function and microstructure from 129 Xe chemical shift saturation recovery (CSSR) MR spectroscopy

NMR-Active Nuclei for Biological and Biomedical Applications

Physiological gas exchange mapping of hyperpolarized 129Xe using spiral‐IDEAL and MOXE in a model of regional radiation‐induced lung injury

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Quantification of human lung structure and physiology using hyperpolarized ¹²⁹Xe

Reproducibility of quantitative indices of lung function and microstructure from ¹²⁹ Xe chemical shift saturation recovery (CSSR) MR spectroscopy

Reproducibility of quantitative indices of lung function and microstructure from ¹²⁹ Xe chemical shift saturation recovery (CSSR) MR spectroscopy

Physiological gas exchange mapping of hyperpolarized ¹²⁹Xe using spiral‐IDEAL and MOXE in a model of regional radiation‐induced lung injury