Quantification of Blood Velocity with 4D Digital Subtraction Angiography Using the Shifted Least-Squares Method

Wu, Yijing; Shaughnessy, Gabe; Hoffman, Carson; Oberstar, Erick L.; Schäfer, Sebastian; Schubert, Tilman; Ruedinger, Katrina L.; Davis, Brian J.; Mistretta, Charles A.; Strother, Charles M.; Speidel, Michael A.

doi:10.3174/ajnr.a5793

Cited by 21 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 20 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Wu et al 25 applied a shifted least-squares analysis to time curves in a given phantom vessel segment. The vessel centerline and radii of each vessel segment of interest were determined at discrete intervals, and TDCs were recorded.…”

Section: Clinical Applications Of 4d-dsamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A velocity for the segment was determined from temporal shift and spatial distance information with a relative root-mean-square error of 11% and a Pearson correlation coefficient with phase contrast (PC)-MR imaging of r ¼ 0.835. 25 Shaughnessy et al 26 derived a similar shift from the phase signal in the Fourier domain to determine liquid velocities in a given 3D-printed, patient-specific vessel segment. In each vessel segment, the vessel centerline, discrete distances, and radii were determined.…”

Section: Clinical Applications Of 4d-dsamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

4D-DSA: Development and Current Neurovascular Applications

Ruedinger¹,

Schäfer

Speidel

et al. 2020

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Originally described by Davis et al in 2013, 4D-Digital Subtraction Angiography (4D-DSA) has developed into a commercially available application of DSA in the angiography suite. 4D-DSA provides the user with 3D time-resolved images, allowing observation of a contrast bolus at any desired viewing angle through the vasculature and at any time point during the acquisition (any view at any time). 4D-DSA mitigates some limitations that are intrinsic to both 2D-and 3D-DSA images. The clinical applications for 4D-DSA include evaluations of AVMs and AVFs, intracranial aneurysms, and atherosclerotic occlusive disease. Recent advances in blood flow quantification using 4D-DSA indicate that these data provide both the velocity and geometric information necessary for the quantification of blood flow. In this review, we will discuss the development, acquisition, reconstruction, and current neurovascular applications of 4D-DSA volumes.

show abstract

Section: Clinical Applications Of 4d-dsamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Clinical Applications Of 4d-dsamentioning

confidence: 99%

4D-DSA: Development and Current Neurovascular Applications

Ruedinger¹,

Schäfer

Speidel

et al. 2020

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Quantitative angiographic techniques, including quantitative color-coded DSA, 4D DSA, 4D Flow MR and 4D transcatheter perfusion, can provide data on hemodynamic parameters (e.g. time of arrival, flow, velocity) (Meram et al 2019 ; Shaughnessy et al 2018 ; Wu et al 2018 ; Motoyama et al 2017 ; Nett et al 2012 ; Frydrychowicz et al 2011 ; Wang et al 2010 ; Gu et al 2005 ). The application of MRI techniques for real-time guidance is limited by the need for additional specialized equipment and suites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A technique for intra-procedural blood velocity quantitation using time-resolved 2D digital subtraction angiography

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background 2D digital subtraction angiography (DSA) is utilized qualitatively to assess blood velocity changes that occur during arterial interventions. Quantitative angiographic metrics, such as blood velocity, could be used to standardize endpoints during angiographic interventions. Purpose To assess the accuracy and precision of a quantitative 2D DSA (qDSA) technique and to determine its feasibility for in vivo measurements of blood velocity. Materials and methods A quantitative DSA technique was developed to calculate intra-procedural blood velocity. In vitro validation was performed by comparing velocities from the qDSA method and an ultrasonic flow probe in a bifurcation phantom. Parameters of interest included baseline flow rate, contrast injection rate, projection angle, and magnification. In vivo qDSA analysis was completed in five different branches of the abdominal aorta in two 50 kg swine and compared to 4D Flow MRI. Linear regression, Bland-Altman, Pearson’s correlation coefficient and chi squared tests were used to assess the accuracy and precision of the technique. Results In vitro validation showed strong correlation between qDSA and flow probe velocities over a range of contrast injection and baseline flow rates (slope = 1.012, 95% CI [0.989,1.035], Pearson’s r = 0.996, p < .0001). The application of projection angle and magnification corrections decreased variance to less than 5% the average baseline velocity (p = 0.999 and p = 0.956, respectively). In vivo validation showed strong correlation with a small bias between qDSA and 4D Flow MRI velocities for all five abdominopelvic arterial vessels of interest (slope = 1.01, Pearson’s r = 0.880, p = <.01, Bias = 0.117 cm/s). Conclusion The proposed method allows for accurate and precise calculation of blood velocities, in near real-time, from time resolved 2D DSAs.

show abstract

“…4D-DSA provides both the temporal and spatial information required to calculate velocity and flow. [8][9][10] The velocity and flow calculations depend on the following: 1) visualizing the cardiac-induced rhythmic changes in contrast bolus density occurring between systole and diastole, 2) quantifying the arrival time of the time-varying bolus between 2 points along a vessel, and 3) quantifying the vessel cross-sectional area. The method exploits a naturally occurring image signal in 4D-DSA acquired with arterial injection.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies documenting the feasibility of using the data from a 4D-DSA reconstruction to quantify velocity and flow were recently published by Shaughnessy et al 8 and by Wu et al 9 In both reports, calculation of velocity and flow was found to be dependent on accurate identification of a pulsatility signal in the time-density curves (TDCs) of a reconstruction; this requirement was noted to be a potential limitation of both methods used for quantification. The pulsatility signal is defined as the change in bolus density between systole and diastole as seen in a TDC for a given point in the volume as a function of time.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing the Quality of 4D-DSA Temporal Information

Ruedinger¹,

Harvey²,

Schäfer³

et al. 2019

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Quantification of blood flow using a 4D-DSA would be useful in the diagnosis and treatment of cerebrovascular diseases. A protocol optimizing identification of density variations in the time-density curves of a 4D-DSA has not been defined. Our purpose was to determine the contrast injection protocol most likely to result in the optimal pulsatility signal strength. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two 3D-printed patient-specific models were used and connected to a pulsatile pump and flow system, which delivered 250-260 mL/min to the model. Contrast medium (Isovue, 370 mg I/mL, 75% dilution) was injected through a 6F catheter positioned upstream from the inlet of the model. 4D-DSA acquisitions were performed for the following injection rates: 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 and 3.5 mL/s for 8 seconds. To determine pulsatility, we analyzed the time-density curve at the inlets using the oscillation amplitude and a previously described numeric metric, the sideband ratio. Vascular geometry from 4D-DSA reconstructions was compared with ground truth and micro-CT measurements of the model. Dimensionless numbers that characterize hemodynamics, Reynolds and Craya-Curtet, were calculated for each injection rate. RESULTS: The strongest pulsatility signal occurred with the 2.5 mL/s injections. The largest oscillation amplitudes were found with 2.0-and 2.5-mL/s injections. Geometric accuracy was best preserved with injection rates of .1.5 mL/s. CONCLUSIONS: An injection rate of 2.5 mL/s provided the strongest pulsatility signal in the 4D-DSA time-density curve. Geometric accuracy was best preserved with injection rates above 1.5 mL/s. These results may be useful in future in vivo studies of blood flow quantification.

show abstract

Quantification of Blood Velocity with 4D Digital Subtraction Angiography Using the Shifted Least-Squares Method

Abstract: The availability of 4D-DSA provides the opportunity to use the shifted least-squares method to estimate velocity in vessels within a 3D volume.

Cited by 21 publications

References 20 publications

4D-DSA: Development and Current Neurovascular Applications

4D-DSA: Development and Current Neurovascular Applications

A technique for intra-procedural blood velocity quantitation using time-resolved 2D digital subtraction angiography

Optimizing the Quality of 4D-DSA Temporal Information

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About