“…To overcome these problems, a great variety of workable colorimetric assays for cell quantitation has been developed in the last years. Widely used techniques include staining with neutral red (12,13), crystal violet (14 -16), and Coomassie blue (17,18) as well as procedures based on methylene blue (19,20), naphthol blue-black (21), naphthol yellow S (22), MayGrü nwald-Giemsa (23), and sulforhodamine B (6). These assays mainly focus on the measurement of cellular parameters such as protein (5,6), DNA (7), or whole macromolecular contents (8), take advantage of accumulation of dyes in cell compartments (9 -11), or represent cell nuclei or simple biomass stains (e.g., 6).…”