Quantification of appetite-regulating hormones in hypothalamic and simple obesity

Gan, Hoong-Wei; Leeson, Clare; Aitkenhead, Helen; Farooqi, Sadaf; Spoudeas, Helen; Martı́nez-Barberá, Juan Pedro; Dattani, Mehul

doi:10.1530/endoabs.51.p036

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“…A proportion of the text in this article has previously formed part of H.W.G. 's PhD thesis ( 542 ). We would therefore like to thank Professor John Anderson, Professor Peter Clayton, and Dr. Helen Simpson for providing constructive comments on various previous iterations of this manuscript.…”

Section: Acknowledgmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Appetite- and Weight-Regulating Neuroendocrine Circuitry in Hypothalamic Obesity

Gan,

Cerbone,

Dattani

2023

Endocrine Reviews

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Since hypothalamic obesity (HyOb) was first described over 120 years ago by Joseph Babinski and Alfred Fröhlich, advances in molecular genetic laboratory techniques have allowed us to elucidate various components of the intricate neurocircuitry governing appetite and weight regulation connecting the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, brainstem, adipose tissue, pancreas, and gastrointestinal tract. On a background of an increasing prevalence of population-level common obesity, the number of survivors of congenital (eg, septo-optic dysplasia, Prader–Willi syndrome) and acquired (eg, central nervous system tumors) hypothalamic disorders is increasing, thanks to earlier diagnosis and management as well as better oncological therapies. Although to date the discovery of several appetite-regulating peptides has led to the development of a range of targeted molecular therapies for monogenic obesity syndromes, outside of these disorders these discoveries have not translated into the development of efficacious treatments for other forms of HyOb. This review aims to summarize our current understanding of the neuroendocrine physiology of appetite and weight regulation, and explore our current understanding of the pathophysiology of HyOb.

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Section: Acknowledgmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%