Quantification and significance of fluid shear stress field in biaxial cell stretching device

Thompson, Mark S.; Abercrombie, Stuart; Ott, Claus‐Eric; Bieler, Friederike H.; Duda, Georg N.; Ventikos, Yiannis

doi:10.1007/s10237-010-0255-1

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…Other in vitro fluid flow devices report shear stress in a similar range to the see-saw rocker. A biaxial cell stretching device has shown fluid shear to be reported in the range of 0.09 -5.2 Pa [13]. Additionally, an early investigation of cells in a parallel plate flow chamber reported shear stress in the range of 1-8.5 Pa [25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See-saw rocking: an in vitro model for mechanotransduction research

Tucker

Henningsson

Franklin

et al. 2014

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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In vitro mechanotransduction studies, uncovering the basic science of the response of cells to mechanical forces, are essential for progress in tissue engineering and its clinical application. Many varying investigations have described a multitude of cell responses; however, as the precise nature and magnitude of the stresses applied are infrequently reported and rarely validated, the experiments are often not comparable, limiting research progress. This paper provides physical and biological validation of a widely available fluid stimulation device, a see-saw rocker, as an in vitro model for cyclic fluid shear stress mechanotransduction. This allows linkage between precisely characterized stimuli and cell monolayer response in a convenient six-well plate format. Models of one well were discretized and analysed extensively using computational fluid dynamics to generate convergent, stable and consistent predictions of the cyclic fluid velocity vectors at a rocking frequency of 0.5 Hz, accounting for the free surface. Validation was provided by comparison with flow velocities measured experimentally using particle image velocimetry. Qualitative flow behaviour was matched and quantitative analysis showed agreement at representative locations and time points. Maximum shear stress of 0.22 Pa was estimated near the well edge, and time-average shear stress ranged between 0.029 and 0.068 Pa. Human tenocytes stimulated using the system showed significant increases in collagen and GAG secretion at 2 and 7 day time points. This in vitro model for mechanotransduction provides a versatile, flexible and inexpensive method for the fluid shear stress impact on biological cells to be studied.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See-saw rocking: an in vitro model for mechanotransduction research

Tucker

Henningsson

Franklin

et al. 2014

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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“…Therefore, our analytical model gives a theoretical basis for modifying the structure. More importantly, for most of the cell stretching devices, the cell stimulation is achieved by stretching the substrate membrane under pneumatic pressure [7,8,17]. Thus, to some extent, the mechanical analysis of the substrate membrane in this study will also be beneficial for modeling those devices.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In most studies, the computational models of the devices for cellular mechanical stimulation have aimed for predicting the mechanical behavior of the device and quantifying the mechanical stimulation [17][18][19][20]. For instance, Thompson et al [17] developed a fluid structure interaction model for a commercial device (FX-4000) to quantify the fluid shear stress and biaxial mechanical strain of the substrate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, Thompson et al [17] developed a fluid structure interaction model for a commercial device (FX-4000) to quantify the fluid shear stress and biaxial mechanical strain of the substrate. Yoon et al [18] presented a model of circular PolyDiMethylSiloxane (PDMS) microballoons with ultra-large deflection, which was correlated to the device introduced by Winston et al [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanical Analysis of a Pneumatically Actuated Concentric Double-Shell Structure for Cell Stretching

et al. 2014

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An available novel system for studying the cellular mechanobiology applies an equiaxial strain field to cells cultured on a PolyDiMethylSiloxane (PDMS) substrate membrane, which is stretched over the deformation of a cylindrical shell. In its application of in vitro cell culture, the in-plane strain of the substrate membrane provides mechanical stimulation to cells, and out-of-plane displacement plays an important role in monitoring the cells by a microscope. However, no analysis of the parameters has been reported yet. Therefore, in this paper, we employ analytical and computational models to investigate the mechanical behavior of the device, in terms of in-plane strain and out-of-plane displacement of the substrate membrane. As a result, mathematical descriptions are given, which are not only for quantitatively determining the applied load, but also provide the theoretical basis for the researchers to carry out structural modification, according to their needs in specific cell culture experiments. Furthermore, by computational study, the elastic modulus of PDMS is determined to allow the mechanical behavior analysis of a fabricated device. Finally, compared to the experimental results of characterizing a fabricated device, good agreement is obtained between the predicted and experimental results. OPEN ACCESSMicromachines 2014, 5 869

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“…One previous study used a 2D model of shear stresses in a pneumatically driven system [30] while another used a highly simplified model of flat wall displacement to estimate the order of magnitude of the shear stress generated during the motion of the piston [13]. We recently created a novel device that allows application of complex mechanical stretch waveforms to cultured cells in a six-well format [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational Analysis of Fluid Flow Within a Device for Applying Biaxial Strain to Cultured Cells

Lee

Baker

2015

Journal of Biomechanical Engineering

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In vitro systems for applying mechanical strain to cultured cells are commonly used to investigate cellular mechanotransduction pathways in a variety of cell types. These systems often apply mechanical forces to a flexible membrane on which cells are cultured. A consequence of the motion of the membrane in these systems is the generation of flow and the unintended application of shear stress to the cells. We recently described a flexible system for applying mechanical strain to cultured cells, which uses a linear motor to drive a piston array to create biaxial strain within multiwell culture plates. To better understand the fluidic stresses generated by this system and other systems of this type, we created a computational fluid dynamics model to simulate the flow during the mechanical loading cycle. Alterations in the frequency or maximal strain magnitude led to a linear increase in the average fluid velocity within the well and a nonlinear increase in the shear stress at the culture surface over the ranges tested (0.5-2.0 Hz and 1-10% maximal strain). For all cases, the applied shear stresses were relatively low and on the order of millipascal with a dynamic waveform having a primary and secondary peak in the shear stress over a single mechanical strain cycle. These findings should be considered when interpreting experimental results using these devices, particularly in the case when the cell type used is sensitive to low magnitude, oscillatory shear stresses.

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Quantification and significance of fluid shear stress field in biaxial cell stretching device

Cited by 10 publications

References 24 publications

See-saw rocking: an in vitro model for mechanotransduction research

See-saw rocking: an in vitro model for mechanotransduction research

Mechanical Analysis of a Pneumatically Actuated Concentric Double-Shell Structure for Cell Stretching

Computational Analysis of Fluid Flow Within a Device for Applying Biaxial Strain to Cultured Cells

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