Quantificação da área foliar e efeito da desfolha em componentes de produção de milho

Alvim, Karen Rodrigues de Toledo; Brito, Césio Humberto de; Brandão, Afonso Maria; Gomes, Luiz Savelli; Lopes, Maria Teresa Gomes

doi:10.1590/s0103-84782010000500003

Cited by 22 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Differently Alvim (2010) obtained results contradictory to that of the present work, in relation to productivity where it obtained better results in plants in which the leaves of the upper third were maintained besides the control with all leaves. Silva (2005) explains that the lower productivity is expected in plants with less leaves because the results are directly related to the length of the spikes and also to the number of grains per spike, which are also affected by the decrease of the photosynthetic area.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Artificial Defoliation in Different Levels on Agronomic Characteristics in Corn Culture

Kuhn¹,

Kestring²,

Pagnoncelli³

et al. 2017

JAS

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The objectives of the present work were to evaluate the effects caused by defoliation at different levels in the corn crop, evaluating the agronomic characteristics and yield of maize. The experiment was conducted in the period from September to January, harvest 2016/2017. The experimental design was a randomized block, consisting of five treatments composed of different levels of defoliation of corn plants with four replicates: T1: Witness, without defoliation of plants; T2: Removal of all leaves of the plant; T3: leaves only in the lower third of the plant; T4: Leaves only in the middle third of the plant; T5: Leaves only in the upper third of the plant. Defoliation procedures were performed at the beginning of the VT reproductive stage of maize. The following parameters were evaluated: Spike insertion height; Diameter of the stem; Ear length; Spike diameter; Number of rows of grains on the spike; Number of grains in row; Final Productivity; Weight of a thousand seeds. The results were significant in almost all analyzed variables, where superior results were obtained by the T1 control, followed by T4. It was concluded that the best results were obtained by the control in which there was no defoliation, but there was no significant difference with the results obtained by the treatment in which there were only leaves in the middle third of the plant. From these results it can be affirmed the great importance of the median leaves above and below the spike insertion.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…In a study by Alvim et al (2010) where the defoliation was performed in the R2 stage, the authors did not find significant results for number of grains per row (NRG) nor for number of grain rows (NGR). This indicates that in the reproductive phase of the corn crop the effects of defoliation are not reflected in the cited variables.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effect of Artificial Defoliation in Different Levels on Agronomic Characteristics in Corn Culture

Kuhn¹,

Kestring²,

Pagnoncelli³

et al. 2017

JAS

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“…Mature tillers had a larger leaf area than young tillers, most likely due to the greater stage of development, characterized by the exposure of a larger number of longer leaves. However, with advanced development, a part of the leaf area of the tiller begins to decrease due to more intense senescence (ALVIM et al, 2010). This process also increases the dead leaf percentage of the old tillers compared to that of the young ones (Table 3).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marandu palisade grass management strategies at the beginning of the deferment period and effects on tillering

Santos

Ávila

Carvalho

et al. 2018

SCA

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Pasture mowing at the beginning of deferment stimulates tillering and can be used in different ways. The aim of this study was to understand how the mowing of Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu Syn. Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu (marandu palisade grass) prior to the deferment period modifies tillering activity and the characteristics of young, mature, and old tillers. Three mowing strategies were evaluated: canopies kept at a height of 15 cm for five months before deferment (15/15 cm); canopies kept at 30 cm (30/15 cm) or 45 cm (45/15 cm) for five months before deferment and posteriorly cut to 15 cm at the start of the deferment period. The structural characteristics of young, mature, and old tillers of marandu palisade grass were compared only at the end of the deferment period. The tiller appearance rate was greater before (16.0%) than during (6.4%) the deferment period, but a contrasting response pattern was observed for the tiller mortality rate. The defoliation strategies that resulted in greater numbers of tillers in the canopies were 30/15 cm (2,098 tillers m -²) and 45/15 cm (2,160 tillers m -2 ). The defoliation strategy that generated the greatest percentage of young tillers in the canopy was 45/15 cm (26.1%), while the percentage of old tillers was greater in the canopies submitted to the 15/15 cm (64.1%) and 30/15 cm (61.5%) strategies. Weight and percentage of live stems of mature and old tillers were greater in relation to young tillers. The percentage of live leaves was grater in young tillers (52.6%), intermediate in mature tillers (41.4%), and lower in old tillers (21.3%). Regarding the percentage of dead leaves, the opposite trend was observed, where the percentage was greater in the old than in young tillers. Leaf area was greater in mature tillers (55.3 cm²) than in old tillers (29.2 cm²). Mowing of the marandu palisade grass to 15 cm at the beginning of the deferment period increases the number of young tillers, which have a more favorable morphological composition than mature and old tillers. (61,5 %). O peso e a percentagem de colmo vivo dos perfilhos maduros e velhos foram maiores em relação ao do perfilho jovem. A porcentagem de folha viva foi maior nos perfilhos jovens (52,6 %), intermediária no perfilho maduro (41,4 %) e menor no perfilho velho (21,3 %). A porcentagem de folha morta apresentou padrão de resposta contrário ao observado para a percentagem de folha viva. A área foliar foi maior no perfilho maduro (55,3 cm²) e menor no perfilho velho (29,2 cm²). O rebaixamento do capim-marandu de 45 para 15 cm no início do diferimento aumenta o número de perfilhos jovens no dossel e esses perfilhos possuem melhor composição morfológica, em relação aos maduros e velhos. Palavras-chave: Área foliar. Composição morfológica. Idade do perfilho. Urochloa brizantha.

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“…The number of leaves above the ear, for example, directly influences grain yield, since approximately 50 % of carbohydrates retained in maize grains are obtained from leaves located in the upper part of the culm (Alvim et al 2010). The fact that there were no differences between intercropping and maize monoculture systems, regarding the average number of leaves above the ear, which was on average 6.1, indicates that there was probably no competition between green manures and maize.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agronomic characteristics and yield of organic maize straw intercropped with perennial green manures

Arantes

Fontanétti

Soares

et al. 2016

Pesqui. Agropecu. Trop.

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Maize intercropped with perennial green manure is an option to promote soil coverage, control weeds and recycle soil nutrients, in an organic system. This study aimed at evaluating the agronomic characteristics and yield of grains and organic maize straw intercropped with perennial green manures sown at different maize growth stages. A 3 x 2 + 1 factorial design was used, with three perennial species of green manure - calopogonium (Calopogonium mucunoides Desv.), tropical kudzu [Pueraria phaseoloides (Roxb.) Benth] and perennial soy [Neonotonia wightii (Wight & Arn) Lackey] - and two green manure sowing times - at the maize V4 (four expanded leaves) and VT (bolting) stages - plus a control treatment (maize monoculture). A randomized blocks design, with four replications, was used. Soil coverage, production of green manures dry matter and weeds, and maize growth and production variables were evaluated. The sowing of green manures at the V4 stage had a higher percentage of soil coverage, in relation to the VT stage. Calopogonium, when compared to the other green manure species, had the highest percentage of soil coverage (35.63 %) and dry matter (1.0 Mg ha-1). Perennial green manures grown intercropped with maize did not affect growth, grain yield and maize straw. However, they were not effective in suppressing weeds.

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Quantificação da área foliar e efeito da desfolha em componentes de produção de milho

Abstract: IIIQuantificação da área foliar e efeito da desfolha em componentes de produção de milho

Cited by 22 publications

References 7 publications

Effect of Artificial Defoliation in Different Levels on Agronomic Characteristics in Corn Culture

Effect of Artificial Defoliation in Different Levels on Agronomic Characteristics in Corn Culture

Marandu palisade grass management strategies at the beginning of the deferment period and effects on tillering

Agronomic characteristics and yield of organic maize straw intercropped with perennial green manures

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