Quando ir para a maternidade? Educação em saúde sobre o trabalho de parto

Abstract

Objective: to report the academic experience in promoting health education about warning signs and labor for pregnant women. Method: a qualitative, descriptive study, a type of experience report, in which 15 students were trained to form the group, in which they were discussed: warning signs, false and true labor and didactic strategies for approaching pregnant women, supported by articles and guidelines. Three academics interviewed 100 pregnant women with their own instrument containing ten questions. After the training and the collection, the group prepared an educational material that was evaluated and, after adjustments, folders were made. Results: only 21% of pregnant women received guidance on the subject. After responding to the questionnaire, all the women received guidance (n = 100) and 196 were collectively oriented through the waiting room and folder distribution strategies. Conclusion: there was a need for Health Education for pregnant women; indissociability between teaching-research-extension and the need to produce community-oriented knowledge on the subject. Descriptors: Parturition; Labor, Obstetric; Health Education. RESUMOObjetivo: relatar a experiência acadêmica em promover educação em saúde sobre sinais de alerta e de trabalho de parto para gestantes. Método: estudo qualitativo, descritivo, tipo relato de experiência, em que foram capacitados 15 acadêmicos para compor o grupo, no qual foram discutidos: sinais de alerta, falso e verdadeiro trabalho de parto e estratégias didáticas para a abordagem de gestantes, respaldados em artigos e diretrizes. Três acadêmicas entrevistaram 100 gestantes com instrumento próprio contendo dez questões. Após a capacitação e a coleta, o grupo elaborou um material educativo que foi avaliado e, após ajustes, foram confeccionados folders. Resultados: apenas 21% das gestantes receberam orientações sobre o tema. Após responder ao questionário, todas as mulheres receberam orientações (n=100) e 196 foram orientadas coletivamente por meio das estratégias sala de espera e distribuição de folder. Conclusão: verificou-se a necessidade de Educação em Saúde para as gestantes; indissociabilidade entre ensino-pesquisa-extensão e necessidade da produção de conhecimentos voltados para a comunidade sobre o tema. Descritores: Parto; Trabalho de Parto; Educação em Saúde. RESUMENObjetivo: relatar la experiencia académica en promover educación en salud sobre señales de alerta y de trabajo de parto para gestantes. Método: estudio cualitativo, descriptivo, tipo relato de experiencia, en que fueron capacitados 15 académicos para componer el grupo, en el cual fueron discutidos: signos de alerta, falso y verdadero trabajo de parto y estrategias didácticas para el abordaje de gestantes, respaldados en artículos y directrices. Tres académicas entrevistaron a 100 gestantes con instrumento propio conteniendo diez cuestiones. Después de la capacitación y la colecta, el grupo elaboró un material educativo que fue evaluado y después de ajustes fueron confeccionados folders. Resultados:...

Educational technology for primigravidae: a quasi-experimental study

“…Research carried out with pregnant women has identified that women are still unaware of obstetric warning signs and have difficulty differentiating premonitory signs and signs of the active phase of labor, confusing the exact moment to go to the maternity hospital. (3,4) A study carried out, in which the same instrument of this research was used, identified an average of 4.9 hits (SD = 2.0) with a higher percentage of errors in the following questions: signs that precede labor (68%), rupture of the bag of waters (63%), characteristics of the amniotic fluid (65%), number of contractions indicating the beginning of labor (58%) and perception of changes in fetal movement (68%). On the other hand, 90% recognized vaginal bleeding and 87% were able to distinguish symptoms from complications that need to be evaluated during pregnancy (4) .…”

“…It is well known, according to the law on professional practice and the public policies that govern PHC, low-risk prenatal care can be monitored by the nurse, who is responsible for carrying out, among other activities, health education actions for pregnant women during the nursing consultation (3) . Moreover, this professional is expected to be a reference for health promotion activities, given the proximity of care and education.…”

“…Particularly for primigravidae, the lack of experience living both moments can intensify feelings of doubts, anxieties, and concerns that culminate in unnecessary comings and goings to the health services, due to the difficulty of identifying the exact time to go to the maternity. (2) As a result, the woman may be subjected to unnecessary interventions, such as early hospitalization, repetitive digital vaginal examinations, use of oxytocin, amniotomy, longer hospitalization, misdiagnosis of dystocia, and cesarean delivery with no obstetric or neonatal indication (3,4) .…”

“…Studies on the knowledge of pregnant women about signs of labor and obstetric risk found that women have difficulty differentiating premonitory signs from signs of active labor, in addition to not being able to distinguish complications that are worthy being evaluated during pregnancy (3,4) . Moreover, during prenatal care, a significant percentage of women report not having access to information on the subject, especially when considering the North and Northeast regions of the country (4,5) .…”