Quality reporting of carotid intima-media thickness methodology; Current state of the science in the field of spinal cord injury

Hoskin, Jordan; Miyatani, Masae; Craven, B. Catharine

doi:10.1080/10790268.2017.1301622

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…22 IMT has previously been measured in younger people with SCI (mean ages 22-43 years) and mostly in men, which limits comparisons. 23 The study by Wang et al 7 and another study by Bell et al 24 (105 participants with SCI, mean age 41 years, and 156 controls) showed comparable IMT in the CCA of participants and controls (0.60 vs. 0.60, and 0.61 vs. 0.59, respectively). These two studies are in agreement with our findings of IMT in the CCA (0.68 among the participants vs. 0.70 among the controls).…”

Section: Participants With Scimentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Increased IMT is not atherosclerosis per se but a surrogate marker predicting CVD 22 . IMT has previously been measured in younger people with SCI (mean ages 22–43 years) and mostly in men, which limits comparisons 23 . The study by Wang et al 7 and another study by Bell et al 24 (105 participants with SCI, mean age 41 years, and 156 controls) showed comparable IMT in the CCA of participants and controls (0.60 vs. 0.60, and 0.61 vs. 0.59, respectively).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coronary and carotid imaging of atherosclerosis and contributing factors in middle‐aged people with long‐term cervical and upper thoracic spinal cord injuries

Hill

Jörgensen

Engström

et al. 2023

PM&R

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IntroductionCardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of death in people aging with spinal cord injury (SCI), and is predominantly caused by atherosclerosis, however, knowledge of atherosclerosis in people with SCI is scarce.ObjectiveTo describe coronary and carotid atherosclerosis in middle‐aged people with long‐term cervical and upper thoracic SCI using coronary computed tomography angiography, carotid ultrasound, and CVD risk factors, and to compare with the general population.DesignCross‐sectional study with matched controls.SettingOutpatient SCI unit in southern Sweden.ParticipantsParticipants (n=25) in the Swedish SPinal Cord Injury Study on Cardiopulmonary and Autonomic Impairment (SPICA) (20% women, mean age 58 years, mean time since injury 28 years, injury levels C2‐T6, American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale A‐C). Non‐SCI controls (n=125; ratio 5:1) from the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS).InterventionsNot applicableMain Outcome MeasuresPresence of coronary atherosclerosis, coronary artery calcium score (CACS), carotid plaques, carotid intima media thickness, blood pressure, lipids, Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE) and anthropometry.ResultsCoronary and carotid atherosclerotic plaques occurred in 44% of the participants, 67% of the controls exhibited coronary and 59% carotid plaques; odds ratios (OR; 95% CI): 0.38 (0.13‐1.17) and 0.54 (0.22‐1.32), respectively. Mean number of segments with coronary atherosclerosis were 1.0 in participants and 2.1 in controls (OR: 0.74 [0.52‐1.06]). CACS >100 occurred in 4 (18%) of the participants and 23 (21%) of the controls. The participants had significantly lower levels of total and non‐high density lipoprotein cholesterol and SCORE than the controls.ConclusionsThis is the first comprehensive assessment of atherosclerosis in people with SCI using advanced imaging techniques. The atherosclerotic burden in middle‐aged people with long‐term cervical and upper thoracic SCI was not increased, whereas SCORE was lower due to lower cholesterol levels. Imaging techniques may be valuable tools for assessment of atherosclerosis in SCI.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Section: Participants With Scimentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coronary and carotid imaging of atherosclerosis and contributing factors in middle‐aged people with long‐term cervical and upper thoracic spinal cord injuries

Hill

Jörgensen

Engström

et al. 2023

PM&R

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A systematic review of cardiovascular risk factors in patients with traumatic spinal cord injury

Wahl

Hirsch²

2022

Vasa

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Summary: Objective: The main risk factors for cardiac events, and particularly for the development of atherosclerosis, are diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia and smoking. Patients with a traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) may present with autonomic nervous system dysfunction depending on their level of spinal cord injury. Studies have found a rise in cardiovascular mortality. A systematic review was conducted that focused on this patient group’s predisposition to vascular risk. Methods: We performed a PubMed and Cochrane database search. After applying specific search criteria, 42 articles were included in our analysis out of a total of 10,784 matches. The articles were selected with the aim of establishing cardiovascular risk factors in patients with traumatic spinal cord injury. Results: Patients with SCI are at an increased risk for peripheral artery disease even in the absence of cardiovascular risk factors. Major vascular changes to the arteries of patients with SCI include: a reduction in lumen size, increased vessel wall tension, higher vascular stiffness, an impaired reactive hyperemic response, and a lack of reduced vascular resistance. The findings for carotid atherosclerosis were inconclusive. This group of patients also has a higher disposition for diabetes mellitus, lipid metabolism disorders and coronary artery disease. Paraplegics are more likely to suffer from dyslipidemia, obesity and PAD, while tetraplegics are more likely to have diabetes mellitus. Conclusions: Patients with SCI are more likely to have cardiovascular risk factors and have cardiovascular disease compared to the normal population. Peripheral circulatory disorders are particularly common. Patients with SCI are now considered to be a new risk group for cardiovascular disease; however, large epidemiological studies are needed to verify in more detail the cardiovascular risk profile of this patient group.

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Quality reporting of carotid intima-media thickness methodology; Current state of the science in the field of spinal cord injury

Abstract: A greater adherence to current methodological guidelines is needed to advance the field of cIMT in SCI. Further research is necessary to refine cIMT acquisition and analysis guidelines to aid authors designing research and journals in screening manuscripts for publication.

Cited by 2 publications

References 40 publications

Coronary and carotid imaging of atherosclerosis and contributing factors in middle‐aged people with long‐term cervical and upper thoracic spinal cord injuries

Coronary and carotid imaging of atherosclerosis and contributing factors in middle‐aged people with long‐term cervical and upper thoracic spinal cord injuries

A systematic review of cardiovascular risk factors in patients with traumatic spinal cord injury

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