Quality of the Solimões River water for domestic use by the riverine community situated in Manacapuru-Amazonas-Brazil

Abstract

The Amazon has the largest watershed in the world, with abundant fresh water reserves. Such abundance contrasts with the quality of the water consumed in the riverine communities. This work highlights the importance of assessing the quality of water of the Solimões River in the stretch situated opposite the Community Nossa Senhora das Graças-Costa do Pesqueiro, in front of the town of Manacapuru-Amazonas-Brazil. The research aimed to evaluate environmental indicators for the quality of the river water as well as in households in this community, according to the regional seasonality. The monitored parameters such as conductivity, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, color, pH, nitrate, nitrite, and sulfate were compared with the water quality standards in force in Brazil. Values well above the maximum level allowed (MLA) for color and turbidity parameters were found in some households, indicating that the water collected from the river is not getting appropriate treatment. The analysis of the correlation matrix of the parameters in the flood period of the river evidenced high correlation among dissolved oxygen (D.O), NO3 (-), Cl(-), SO4 (2-), and color. In this study, by principal component analysis (PCA), it was observed that the characteristics of the water, obtained from the river to be consumed in the households, in the flood period showed similarities with the river water samples, indicating absence of efficient treatment for human consumption.

Pré-tratamento para redução dos parâmetros físico-químicos do lixiviado gerado em aterros sanitários

“…O aumento de 377,75% do oxigênio dissolvido do filtro 1 mostra sua eficiência na remoção da matéria orgânica do lixiviado bruto. A concentração de matéria orgânica, aliada às altas temperaturas, influencia no grau de desoxigenação da água, devido aos processos de estabilização da matéria orgânica realizados pelas bactérias decompositoras, as quais utilizam o oxigênio disponível no meio líquido para a sua respiração (Silva, 2012;Pantoja et al, 2016). Logo, conclui-se que a matéria orgânica e o oxigênio dissolvido possuem uma relação inversamente proporcional, quanto maior a presença de matéria orgânica no curso d'água, menor será a concentração de OD.…”

Water quality issues and management of large rivers

“…In a third paper concerning the Amazon River, the water quality for domestic use by the riverine community as well as the water quality of the river was examined by Pantoja et al (2016). The water quality standard for Brazil was compared with the values from the households via parameters such as turbidity, color, pH, conductivity, nitrate, nitrite, and sulfate.…”