Quality of Source Water and Drinking Water in Urban Areas of Myanmar

Sakai, Hiromitsu; Kataoka, Yatsuka; Fukushi, Kensuke

doi:10.1155/2013/854261

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The findings for HPC concur with other studies which reported that heterotrophic plate counts of bottled (noncarbonated) water are high and variable (Duranceau et al, 2012;Sakai et al, 2013). A study conducted in Bulawayo reported that, total viable counts where in the range 104 to 151 cfu/ml which is above the bottled water standard of < 100 cfu/ml (Okagbue et al, 2002).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Microbiological assessment of bottled water brands in the Bulawayo market, Zimbabwe

Lindani¹,

Macherera²,

Ruvimbo³

2014

Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Microbiological assessment of bottled water brands in the Bulawayo market, Zimbabwe

Lindani¹,

Macherera²,

Ruvimbo³

2014

Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.

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“…Coliform concentration is commonly used as a measure of drinking water quality (Sakai, Kataoka, & Fukushi, ). To assess coliform concentrations, we used 3M Petrifilm Escherichia coli ( E .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the gut microbiota of Nicaraguan children in a water insecure context

Piperata

Lee

Apaza

et al. 2019

American J Hum Biol

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Objectives: The gut microbiota varies across human populations. The first years of life are a critical period in its development. While delivery mode and diet contribute to observed variation, the additional contribution of specific environmental factors remains poorly understood. One factor is waterborne enteric pathogen exposure. In this pilot study, we explore the relationship between household water security and the gut microbiota of children.Methods: From Nicaraguan households (n = 39), we collected drinking water samples, as well as fecal samples from children aged one month to 5.99 years (n = 53). We tested water samples for total coliforms (CFU/mL) and the presence of common enteric pathogens. Composition and diversity of the gut microbiota were characterized by 16S rRNA sequencing. Households were classified as having drinking water that was "low" (<29 CFU/mL) or "high" (≥29 CFU/mL) in coliforms. We used permutational analyses of variance and Mann-Whitney U-tests to identify differences in the composition and diversity of the gut microbiota of children living in these two home types.Results: Insecure access led households to store drinking water and 85% tested positive for coliforms. High concentrations of Salmonella and Campylobacter were found in water and fecal samples. Controlling for age, the gut microbiota of children from high coliform homes were compositionally different and less diverse than those from low coliform homes. Conclusions:Results indicate that research exploring the ways water insecurity affects human biology should consider the gut microbiome and that investigations of inter-population variation in the gut microbial community of children should consider pathogen exposure and infection.

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“…Rural areas are the most affected, and residents resort to the collection of water from wells, ponds, springs, lakes, rivers and rainwater harvesting to meet their domestic water needs [19][20][21][22][23][24]. Water from such sources is often consumed without any form of treatment [12,19,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges to Sustainable Safe Drinking Water: A Case Study of Water Quality and Use across Seasons in Rural Communities in Limpopo Province, South Africa

Edokpayi

Rogawski

Kahler

et al. 2018

Water

103

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Consumption of microbial-contaminated water can result in diarrheal illnesses and enteropathy with the heaviest impact upon children below the age of five. We aimed to provide a comprehensive analysis of water quality in a low-resource setting in Limpopo province, South Africa. Surveys were conducted in 405 households in rural communities of Limpopo province to determine their water-use practices, perceptions of water quality, and household water-treatment methods. Drinking water samples were tested from households for microbiological contamination. Water from potential natural sources were tested for physicochemical and microbiological quality in the dry and wet seasons. Most households had their primary water source piped into their yard or used an intermittent public tap. Approximately one third of caregivers perceived that they could get sick from drinking water. All natural water sources tested positive for fecal contamination at some point during each season. The treated municipal supply never tested positive for fecal contamination; however, the treated system does not reach all residents in the valley; furthermore, frequent shutdowns of the treatment systems and intermittent distribution make the treated water unreliable. The increased water quantity in the wet season correlates with increased treated water from municipal taps and a decrease in the average contaminant levels in household water. This research suggests that wet season increases in water quantity result in more treated water in the region and that is reflected in residents' water-use practices.

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Quality of Source Water and Drinking Water in Urban Areas of Myanmar

Cited by 16 publications

References 5 publications

Microbiological assessment of bottled water brands in the Bulawayo market, Zimbabwe

Microbiological assessment of bottled water brands in the Bulawayo market, Zimbabwe

Characterization of the gut microbiota of Nicaraguan children in a water insecure context

Challenges to Sustainable Safe Drinking Water: A Case Study of Water Quality and Use across Seasons in Rural Communities in Limpopo Province, South Africa

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