Quality of Pharmacy Health Services

Azhar, Saira; Ibrahim, Mohamed Izham Mohamed

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-811228-1.00017-0

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…11 However, there remains a great amount of variance in the quality of services provided by different community pharmacies, even within the same geographical area. 12 , 13 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adherence to Good Pharmacy Practices by Community Pharmacies in Lebanon and Opportunities for Quality Improvement: It is Time to Act

Bou-Saba¹,

Kassak²,

Salameh³

2023

IPRP

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Purpose Good pharmacy practice is an important standard that highlight the quality of services in community pharmacies. In 2018, The Order of Pharmacists in Lebanon (OPL) published their own good pharmacy practices (GPP) guidelines. The need exists for investigational studies to assess GPP implementation status and the professional conduct of on-site staff towards these standards. Methods Data collection was carried out between February and August 2020 using a questionnaire covering: Socio-demographic variables; Indicator A (Attitude of the Community Pharmacists); Indicator B (Services and Facilities); Indicator C (Dispensing); Indicator D (Storage). Data analysis were performed on SPSS version 25, T -Test and ANOVA were used. A significant p value of <0.001, 95% confidence interval and variables with missing data counting less than 10% were considered. Results A total of 211 staffers from pharmacies were enrolled in the study, each representing one community pharmacy. The mean percent of adherence to GPP standards by community pharmacies in the South of Lebanon was below the recommended threshold of 75%. Only 65.09% adhered to all tested indicators (27% to Indicator A, 56.91% to Indicator B, 68.61% to Indicator C, 66.31% to Indicator D). Higher indicators were seen among providers who were aware of OPL standards (OR = 4.021), female (OR= 2.011) and being a licensed pharmacist (OR=3.506). Cronbach alpha of the overall score was 0.615. Conclusion Further steps shall be taken to improve the compliance to GPP standards. Steps shall include, identification of the core standards, such as dispensing, provision of adequate information, monitoring of storage conditions, and ensuring the presence of a licensed pharmacist. It is highly recommended that the OPL and the Ministry of Public Health develop a “Self-assessment tool” and an efficient training program to increase community Pharmacists’ awareness status. Regular assessment shall be carried to monitor the progress overtime.

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“…11 However, there remains a great amount of variance in the quality of services provided by different community pharmacies, even within the same geographical area. 12 , 13 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adherence to Good Pharmacy Practices by Community Pharmacies in Lebanon and Opportunities for Quality Improvement: It is Time to Act

Bou-Saba¹,

Kassak²,

Salameh³

2023

IPRP

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The quality of PC services can only be assured through the presence of competent pharmacists within the healthcare system 8,9 . Consequently, pharmacy education has witnessed corresponding transformations over the past years at a global level to meet the paradigm shift and advancement in pharmacy practise 10,11 .…”

Section: What Is Known and Objectivementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The quality of PC services can only be assured through the presence of competent pharmacists within the healthcare system. 8,9 Consequently, pharmacy education has witnessed corresponding transformations over the past years at a global level to meet the paradigm shift and advancement in pharmacy practise. 10,11 Accordingly, a global competency framework for the pharmacy profession was issued by the International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP) Pharmacy Education Taskforce, which is a partnership between the FIP, the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).…”

Section: What Is Known and Objectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmaceutical care education at pharmacy colleges in the Middle East and North Africa region: A systematic review

Boura

Awaisu

ElGeed

et al. 2022

Clinical Pharmacy Therapeu

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What is known and objective New pharmacy curricula include content that equip students with a bundle of professional and interpersonal skills that allows the provision of evidence‐based patient‐centred pharmaceutical care (PC). PC has been adopted as a practise model underpinning these new roles for pharmacists in developed countries. However, anecdotal evidence suggests that countries in the Middle East/North Africa (MENA) region have been relatively slow in including PC in pharmacy education. There seems to be a need to more accurately describe the extent to which PC is included in pharmacy education in the MENA region. The objective of this systematic review was (a) to determine the status of PC education in schools and colleges of pharmacy in the MENA region and (b) to identify pharmacy students' and/or educators' perceptions and attitudes towards PC, preparedness level to PC provision and perceived barriers to implement this practise model in countries of the MENA region. Methods A comprehensive literature search was conducted using MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCOPUS, International Pharmaceutical Abstract and ProQuest databases to identify articles published from 2000 to 2021. Selection of studies for inclusion in the review was based on a pre‐determined eligibility criterion to retrieve original research articles addressing the review objectives. Results Nine articles were eligible for inclusion in the review. The majority of the studies (n = 8) employed a survey‐based research method. The studies were conducted in Jordan (n = 4), Kuwait (n = 2), Qatar (n = 2), Saudi Arabia (n = 1) and United Arab Emirates (n = 1). The findings suggest that pharmacy students had overall positive attitude and perception towards PC and some studies reported that students expressed good preparedness levels to implement most of the PC aspects. Several barriers to the implementation of PC were reported such as the slow educational reforms in pharmacy programs and a number of organizational and professional barriers. The studies provided recommendations for improvements in the pharmacy curricula to support pharmacy students' preparation to become competent PC practitioners. What is new and conclusion The literature describing PC education in the MENA region is limited. Joint efforts among educational institutions and health authorities are needed to support PC implementation. There is a need to conduct further research to explore the status of PC education and practise in the different countries within the MENA region. This can drive future directions of pharmacy education to meet the needs of the pharmacy profession and healthcare systems in these countries.

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“…With the shortage of health care workers, the rising prevalence of NCDs in LMICs, and the higher likelihood of premature death in LMIC settings, pharmacists should utilize their expertise in creating successful alternative care programs to address these needs in LMICs. [23][24][25] However, there are a number of challenges faced when attempting to duplicate HIC outcomes in LMIC settings. First, pharmacy education and practice in LMICs are primarily product focused and prioritizes supply chain management over the use of clinical pharmacy skills.…”

Section: Addressing Clinical Care and Service Deliverymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, pharmacy education and practice in LMICs are primarily product focused and prioritizes supply chain management over the use of clinical pharmacy skills. 25 Second, pharmacists lack recognition by other health care professionals as clinical practitioners capable of impacting patient outcomes. 26 Last, insufficient health care infrastructure and limited access to drug information resources can also pose difficulties for pharmacists in LMICs, especially when needed to fulfill the role of ensuring the safe administration of medicines, monitoring of adverse effects, and prescribing errors and the quality of medications administered to patients.…”

Section: Addressing Clinical Care and Service Deliverymentioning

confidence: 99%

American College of Clinical Pharmacy Global Health Practice and Research Network's opinion paper: Pillars for global health engagement and key engagement strategies for pharmacists

Crowe

Karwa

Schellhase

et al. 2020

J Am Coll Clin Pharm

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The scope of pharmacy practice in global health has expanded over the past decade creating additional education and training opportunities for students, residents and pharmacists. There has also been a shift from short‐term educational and clinical experiences to more sustainable bidirectional partnerships between high‐income countries (HICs) and low‐ to middle‐income countries (LMICs). As more institutional and individual partnerships between HICs and LMICs begin to form, it is clear that there is a lack of guidance for pharmacists on how to build meaningful, sustainable, and mutually beneficial programs. The aim of this paper is to provide guidance for pharmacists in HICs to make informed decisions on global health partnerships and identify opportunities for engagement in LMICs that yield mutually beneficial collaborations. This paper uses the foundations of global health principles to identify five pillars of global health engagement when developing partnerships: (a) sustainability, (b) shared leadership, (c) mutually beneficial partnerships, (d) local needs‐based care and (e) host‐driven experiential and didactic education. Finally, this paper highlights ways pharmacists can use the pillars as a framework to engage and support health care systems, collaborate with academic institutions, conduct research, and interface with governments to improve health policy.

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Quality of Pharmacy Health Services

Cited by 3 publications

References 45 publications

Adherence to Good Pharmacy Practices by Community Pharmacies in Lebanon and Opportunities for Quality Improvement: It is Time to Act

Adherence to Good Pharmacy Practices by Community Pharmacies in Lebanon and Opportunities for Quality Improvement: It is Time to Act

Pharmaceutical care education at pharmacy colleges in the Middle East and North Africa region: A systematic review

American College of Clinical Pharmacy Global Health Practice and Research Network's opinion paper: Pillars for global health engagement and key engagement strategies for pharmacists

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