Quality of life among type II diabetic patients attending the primary health centers of King Saud Medical City in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Background/Aim: Type 2 diabetic patients (T2DM) have lower quality of life (QoL) compared to the general population. This study was conducted to determine QoL of T2DM patients and analyze factors that affect patients' QoL. Methods: We conducted this cross-sectional study in January to February of 2019 at several primary care health centers (PCHC) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. All adult T2DM patients were invited to participate in the study. We used the EQ-5D-3L and EQ VAS tools to determine the patients' health state and their self-rated overall health. Results: A total of 274 T2DM patients were surveyed, 149 (54.4%) were males. The mean age was 59.7 ± 10.4 years. Of the five EQ-5D-5L domains, self-care had the highest proportion that reported no problem (n = 183, 66.8%). The mobility domain had the highest proportion of reported severe problems (n = 37, 13.5%) and extreme problems (n = 7, 2.6%). Nineteen (6.9%) patients reported with a full state of health. The mean EQVAS was 65.9 ± 22.1, with only 24.1% reported as between 81–100%. Females, patients above 75 years old, those who are in the low socioeconomic income, unemployed, widow had lower EQ VAS. Conclusion: Males, with higher socioeconomic status, employed, married and younger patients experience better QoL compared to their counterparts. The overall health related QoL among our diabetic patients is low. These findings suggest improvement of health-related QoL, and more efforts should be invested in patient education particularly among patients who are in the low socioeconomic status, the elderly, females and the unemployed.

Health-related quality of life and its determinants among patients with diabetes mellitus: a multicentre cross-sectional study in Northwest Ethiopia

“…Consistent with the previous evidence,17 32 41 this study found that the HRQoL of patients with diabetes was compromised. The overall mean EQ-5D utility and EQ-VAS scores were very low and, in the range, to indicate poor HRQoL compared with previous studies.…”

The mediating role of quality of life on depression and medication adherence among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A cross‐sectional study

“…Unsurprisingly, our study further found that being unemployed had a negative statistically significant relationship with quality of life as compared to respondents who were in full‐time employment. This is consistent with another study which found that females, patients above 75 years old, and those who are in low socioeconomic income, unemployed, and widowed had lower QOL 22 . Having diabetes and being unemployed may trigger some psychosocial challenges, especially among younger adults, which can affect your QOL.…”

“…Sociodemographic factors such as sex, educational level, religion, and help from friends also showed a statistically significant relationship with QoL. This finding is partially conforms with a study that found statistically significant median differences in sex and educational level but insignificant means for moral and social support (help from others) 22 . However, the change in demographic factors such as age, monthly income, help from family, BMI, and diastolic BP was not statistically significant for both depression and QOL.…”

Quality of Life and Its Determinants Among Diabetic Patients in A Rural Area of Gautam Buddha Nagar, Uttar Pradesh, India

“…14 Similar to the present study, in a study conducted by Alsuwayt S et al in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia in 2019 it was found that the diabetic subjects belonging to low socioeconomic status had a poor quality of life compared to those belonging to the higher socioeconomic status. 22 In the present study, overall quality of life and general health score was higher in diabetic subjects with duration of disease <2 years as compared to diabetic subjects with duration ≥2 years. Domain scores of physical health, psychological domain and domain of social relationships were higher in diabetic subjects with duration of disease <2 years.…”