Quality of Irrigation Water

Wilcox, L. V.; Durum, W.H.

doi:10.2134/agronmonogr11.c9

Cited by 40 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The SAR values of the water samples of the studied area to be \10 and are classified as excellent for irrigation (Richards 1954). Kelly (1940) and Wilcox (1958) have also determined the hazardous effect of sodium on water quality for irrigation usage in terms of Kelly's ratio (KR) and sodium percentage (SP), respectively. Kelly's ratio and SP are computed as:…”

Section: Sodium Hazardmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of groundwater quality for irrigation: a case study from Bandalamottu lead mining area, Guntur District, Andhra Pradesh, South India

2014

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Quality of water resources in the Bandalamottu area of Guntur District of Andhra Pradesh in South India is facing a serious challenge due to Pb mining. Therefore, 40 groundwater samples were collected from this area to assess their hydrogeochemistry and suitability for irrigation purposes. The groundwater samples were analyzed for distribution of chemical elements Ca 2? , Mg 2? , Na ? , K ? , HCO 3-, CO 3 2-, F-, Cl-, and SO 4 2-. It also includes pH, electrical conductivity, total hardness, non-carbonate hardness and total alkalinity. The parameters, such as sodium absorption ratio (SAR), adjusted SAR, sodium percentage, potential salinity, residual sodium carbonate, non-carbonate hardness, Kelly's ratio, magnesium ratio, permeability index, indices of base exchange (IBE) and Gibbs ratio were also calculated. The major hydrochemical facieses were Ca-HCO 3 , Ca-Na-HCO 3 and Ca-Mg-Cl types. The result of saturation index calculated by Visual MINTEQ software combined with Gibbs diagram and IBE findings indicate that, dolomite and calcite dissolution and reverse ion exchange can be a major process controlling the water chemistry in the study area. The results also showed that the salinity (85 %, C3 class) and alkalinity due to high concentration of HCO 3 and CO 3 and low Ca:Mg molar ratio (97.5 %, \1), are the major problems with water for irrigation usage. As a result, the quality of the groundwater is not suitable for sustainable crop production and soil health without appropriate remediation.

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Section: Sodium Hazardmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of groundwater quality for irrigation: a case study from Bandalamottu lead mining area, Guntur District, Andhra Pradesh, South India

2014

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“…In such cases, the irrigation water will cause permeability problems on shrinking and swelling types of clayey soils (Saleh et al 1999). United States salinity diagram (Wilcox 1948) was obtained by plotting the correlation between SAR and electrical conductivity (Fig. 12).…”

Section: Salinity and Alkalinity Hazardmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of groundwater quality in and around Nagercoil town, Tamilnadu, India: an integrated geochemical and GIS approach

et al. 2013

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This study was made to find the ground water quality for samples of the town located in the southern most end of India. The study was carried out to evaluate the major ion chemistry, the factors controlling water composition, and suitability of water for both drinking and irrigation purposes. Totally, 21 ground water samples were collected randomly from bore wells and hand pumps throughout the Nagercoil town and its surroundings. The collected samples were analyzed for major ions and the analytical data were interpreted according to published guide lines. The spatial maps show that the concentration of the chemical constituent in ground water varies spatially and temporarily. Sodium is the most dominant cation with Cland HCO 3 as the dominant anion. The abundant of the major is as follows: Na ? [ Cl-[ Mg 2? [ K ? which is equal to HCO 3-[ Cl-[ SO 4. Only one-third of the samples best fit for both consumption and agricultural purposes. The spatial maps show high contamination along the southern region of the study area. Total hardness of the collected samples lies between 60 and 490 mg/l reveals that the 33 % groundwater samples exceeds the safe limit of 300 mg/l. Total dissolved solids (TDS) in the study area ranges between 67 and 2,086 mg/l with a mean value of 523 mg/l. High total hardness and TDS in few places identified that the ground water is unsuitable for drinking and irrigation. In these places, the aquifers are subject to contamination from sewage effluents and excess use of fertilizer and pesticides in agriculture. Such areas require adequate drainage and introduction of alternative salt tolerance cropping.

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“…Public health in any area is directly related to the quality of groundwater (Ranjana, ). Plant growth and human health largely depend on the quality of the water that is being used (Hem, ; Jenkins & Chalmers ; Karanth, ; Todd, ; United States (US) Salinity Laboratory Staff, ; Wilcox & Durum, ; the World Health Organization, ). The quality of the groundwater is a function of redox reactions, rock‐water interactions during the percolation of water through the aquifers (Chapman, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial assessment of groundwater quality in Guna Tana landscape

Andualem

Kassa

Ahmed

et al. 2019

Environmental Quality Mgmt

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This study focuses on investigating the quality of groundwater for irrigation and drinking water purposes. Spatial distribution of physicochemical and microbiological parameters was assessed from samples collected from springs, hand-dug wells, and boreholes found the Guna Tana landscape. A total of 70 samples were considered for physical, chemical, and bacteriological water quality determination. The results revealed that most of the groundwater quality index (WQI) values lie between good and excellent. The maximum, minimum, mean, and standard deviation of each water quality parameter were prepared for evaluating groundwater quality. According to the WQI values, more than 83% of the water samples were classified as excellent water for drinking.More than 92% of the water samples showed low sodium hazards for irrigation and about 48% and 46% of the water samples were classified as within the excellent and good water classes for irrigation based on their electrical conductance levels. Therefore, the groundwater that is found in the Guna Tana landscape could be used for drinking and irrigation purposes without any advanced treatment. K E Y W O R D SEthiopia, GIS, groundwater quality, SAR, WQI, water class

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Quality of Irrigation Water

Cited by 40 publications

References 13 publications

Assessment of groundwater quality for irrigation: a case study from Bandalamottu lead mining area, Guntur District, Andhra Pradesh, South India

Assessment of groundwater quality for irrigation: a case study from Bandalamottu lead mining area, Guntur District, Andhra Pradesh, South India

Evaluation of groundwater quality in and around Nagercoil town, Tamilnadu, India: an integrated geochemical and GIS approach

Spatial assessment of groundwater quality in Guna Tana landscape

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