Quality of Irrigation Water in Relation to Land Reclamation.

Scofield, Carl S.; Headley, F. B.

doi:10.2307/2255436

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…The salt content of the irrigation water is important in connection with the reclamation of alkali soil, as was pointed out previously by Scofield and Headley, (23) and by Kelley and Brown. (17) 'I'heexperiments of Gedroiz, (7) de Dominicis, (6) Cummins and Kelley, (5) and others, showing that extremely adverse chemical and physical conditions develop in sodium saline soils upon leaching out the soluble salts, were all conducted with the aid of distilled water.…”

Section: Composition Of Irrigation Watermentioning

confidence: 61%

Principles governing the reclamation of alkali soils

Kelley¹,

Brown²

1934

Hilg

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Section: Composition Of Irrigation Watermentioning

confidence: 61%

Principles governing the reclamation of alkali soils

Kelley¹,

Brown²

1934

Hilg

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“…A subsequent report by Schwennesen and Forbes characterized groundwater in San Simon Valley, Arizona and New Mexico, for domestic use and irrigation [18]. Clark reported on the chemical composition of groundwater in the Morgan Hill area of California [19], while Scofield and Headly [20] evaluated water composition with respect to irrigation potential. Most of these early works focused on understanding the impact of water quality on long-term viability of irrigation in arid regions of the United States.…”

Section: Conventional Measures Of Irrigation Water Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Irrigation Water Quality—A Contemporary Perspective

Malakar

Snow

Ray

2019

Water

106

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In the race to enhance agricultural productivity, irrigation will become more dependent on poorly characterized and virtually unmonitored sources of water. Increased use of irrigation water has led to impaired water and soil quality in many areas. Historically, soil salinization and reduced crop productivity have been the primary focus of irrigation water quality. Recently, there is increasing evidence for the occurrence of geogenic contaminants in water. The appearance of trace elements and an increase in the use of wastewater has highlighted the vulnerability and complexities of the composition of irrigation water and its role in ensuring proper crop growth, and long-term food quality. Analytical capabilities of measuring vanishingly small concentrations of biologically-active organic contaminants, including steroid hormones, plasticizers, pharmaceuticals, and personal care products, in a variety of irrigation water sources provide the means to evaluate uptake and occurrence in crops but do not resolve questions related to food safety or human health effects. Natural and synthetic nanoparticles are now known to occur in many water sources, potentially altering plant growth and food standard. The rapidly changing quality of irrigation water urgently needs closer attention to understand and predict long-term effects on soils and food crops in an increasingly fresh-water stressed world.

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“…For a given ionic strength, soils tend to have poor structure at high SAR and good structure at low SAR. Indeed, this concept has been known for a long time: “Hard water [low SAR] makes soft land and soft water [high SAR] makes hard land” (Scofield and Headley, 1921). The relationship between SAR and soil structure explains why calcium‐containing soil conditioners such as gypsum are useful in restoring permeability (Shainberg and Letey, 1984).…”

Section: Applications With Constant Phmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using the Quirk-Schofield Diagram to Explain Environmental Colloid Dispersion Phenomena

Mays

2007

Journal of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Education

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Colloid dispersion, through its role in soil science, hydrology, and contaminant transport, is a basic component of many natural resources and environmental education programs. However, comprehension of colloid dispersion phenomena is limited by the numerous variables involved. This article demonstrates how the Quirk‐Schofield diagram can be used as a pedagogical tool to explain the relationship between colloid dispersion and three key variables: ionic strength, counterion valence, and pH. The theory of colloid dispersion is briefly reviewed, in order to provide the background needed to define the Quirk‐Schofield diagram. These diagrams are then employed to qualitatively explain numerous published observations of environmental colloid dispersion, first in the case of constant pH and then in the case of variable pH. In addition, new Quirk‐Schofield diagrams are presented for three common clay minerals: kaolinite, illite, and montmorillonite. These diagrams are used for quantitative analysis of two key studies from the literature on colloid‐associated contaminant transport. The generality and simplicity of Quirk‐Schofield diagrams, which provide a single framework to conceptualize many phenomena, should greatly assist student learning.

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Quality of Irrigation Water in Relation to Land Reclamation.

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Principles governing the reclamation of alkali soils

Principles governing the reclamation of alkali soils

Irrigation Water Quality—A Contemporary Perspective

Using the Quirk-Schofield Diagram to Explain Environmental Colloid Dispersion Phenomena

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