Quality of goat's milk produced on farms in the Paraná State - Brazil

Abstract

The consumption of goat's milk has increased significantly in Brazil. In 2014, its production was 153 thousand tons, and the Paraná state is responsible for the production of 380 thousand liters. Although the government regulates goat milk, this raw material is not widely studied in Brazil. The objective of this work was to study its microbiological and physicochemical characteristics. A total of 32 samples from 8 Paraná State farms were analyzed. The microbial indicators of hygiene, psychrotrophic bacteria, L. monocytogenes and Salmonella spp. were evaluated. We used physicochemical tests of goat’s milk that were established by the Brazilian legislation. In addition, phosphatase activity, pH, conductivity, boiling test, and urea content were measured. The average concentrations of mesophilic aerobes, coliforms, E. coli, coagulase positive Staphylococcus and psychrotrophic microorganisms were 4.10, 2.38, 0.65, 2.06 and 4.02 log CFU mL-1, respectively. The samples did not present L. monocytogenes and Salmonella spp. In the physicochemical analysis, 90.63% of the samples presented at least one parameter outside the legal standards. In the somatic cell count, 73.33% of the samples had counts higher than 1 x 106 cells mL-1. Raw goat's milk produced in Paraná has high coliform and psychrotrophic counts, indicating poor hygiene during milking. The fluctuating values of the physicochemical data indicate that additional studies are required to determine the parameters that reflect the Brazilian conditions of goat milk production.

Identification of lactic acid bacteria with anti-listeria activity. Characterization and application of a bacteriocinogenic strain in the control of Listeria monocytogenes in cheese

“…In total, 355 LAB strains were studied including 270 strains from goat milk and 85 from artisanal Serrano cheese. The strains belonged to Laboratório de Inspeção de Produtos de Origem Animal at Universidade Estadual de Londrina (LIPOA/UEL) and they were previously isolated from other researchers (Rios et al ., 2018; Seixas et al ., 2018). All the isolates were selected according to the antimicrobial activity against Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 7644, using the spot-on-lawn method (Lewus et al ., 1991).…”

Is there a market for goat dairy products in the state of Paraná, Brazil?

“…Therefore, because of their health and nutritional benefits, the demand for dairy goat products is rising in both traditional and new markets (Miller & Lu, 2019), including, in addition to fluid milk, cheeses, yogurt, dulce de leche, ice cream, functional products, and cosmetics (Martins et al, 2007;Embrapa Caprinos e Ovinos, 2018;Rios et al, 2018). This increased demand can also be attributed to the COVID-19 pandemic, considering the immunity-boosting benefits of goat milk (Imarc, 2022).…”

Characterization of coagulase-positive Staphylococcus spp., antimicrobial resistance profile, and presence of enterotoxin-producing genes in goat milk in Paraná State

“…The isolates were stored in BHI (Brain Heart Infusion) broth (Oxoid, Hampshire, United Kingdom) with 20% glycerol (-24 °C) and were provided by the Laboratório de Inspeção de Produtos de Origem Animal, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Paraná. The strains were obtained from nine dairy goat farms located in the state of Paraná and collected during four periods of the year (fall, winter, spring, and summer) (Rios et al, 2018).…”