Quality Evaluation, Phytochemical Characteristics and Estimation of Beta-Carotene Hydroxylase 2 (Chy2) Alleles of Interspecific Potato Hybrids

Abstract

Potatoes contain antioxidants such as flavonoids, carotenoids and ascorbic acid. High level consumption worldwide makes potato a valuable source of phytonutrients. Developing new potato varieties with high nutritional value in combination with resistance to pathogens is an important task. In this study, 25 interspecific potato hybrids with resistance to Synchytrium endobioticum, common scab, silver scab, rhizoctonia, nematodes and PVY were evaluated for total phenolics, total flavonoids, total carotenoids, ascorbic acid contents and antioxidant activity. The identification of the dominant allele related with yellow flesh color at the Chy locus was also performed by the specific CAPS marker. Total protein content was detected and ranged from 8.19 ± 0.59 to 30.17 ± 4.56 mg/g dry weight (DW). Total starch and total carbohydrate contents were in the range of 9.0–21.0% and 73.21 ± 20.94–676.36 ± 195.28, respectively. Total phenolic content of hybrids varied from 8.45 to 82.75 mg/100 g, and total flavonoids content—from 0.64 to 9.67 mg/100 g DW. It is possible to distinguish samples with high protein and carbohydrate contents, high level of substances with antioxidant activity and characterized by resistance to pathogens. Quality evaluation has shown that some of the samples have a high potential for processing and chip production in combination with high eating qualities. These samples can be used in breeding programs to develope varieties resistant to pathogens and with high nutritional value.

Biochemical Composition of Tubers of New Russian Potato Cultivars Depending on Growing and Storage Conditions

“…ʻGrandʼ, ʻKalibrʼ, ʻKrasavchikʼ, ʻKrasa Meŝeryʼ, ʻSiverskijʼ, ʻSokurʼ, ʻSudarynyaʼ, and ʻEliksredʼ indicate the significant influence of varietal characteristics and growing conditions on the content of dry matter, starch, vitamin C, protein and reducing sugars in tubers. ʻGrandʼ, ʻKrasavchikʼ, ʻKrasa Meŝeryʼ, ʻSokurʼ, and ʻEliksredʼ were noted for a high dry matter content (23% and above) in both the Northwestern and Central regions [49,51]. The conditions of the Northwestern region, however, are unfavorable for the accumulation of starch in potato tubers that does not exceed 16% in cvs.…”

“…ʻKumachʼ, while in the Central region cvs. ʻGrandʼ and ʻBarinʼ are not among the high-protein ones [49,51].…”

“…The conditions of the Northwestern region, however, are unfavorable for the accumulation of starch in potato tubers that does not exceed 16% in cvs. ʻGrandʼ, ʻKrasavchikʼ, ʻSokurʼ, and ʻEliksredʼ, while in the Central region these cultivars are highly starchy [49,51].…”

“…Depending on the purpose of use, cultivars must comply with a set of specific requirements, including biochemical parameters of tubers [2,48]. At present, information on the biochemical composition of tubers in the assortment of modern potato cultivars is humble due to evaluation a small number of cultivars or breeding lines for a limited set of traits [49][50][51]. There has been no knowledge on the content of carotenoids, chlorophylls, organic acids, phenolic compounds and AOA for new domestic potato cultivars.…”

“…ʻGrandʼ, ʻKrasavchikʼ, ʻKrasa Meŝeryʼ, ʻSokurʼ, ʻSudarynyaʼ, ʻFioletovyjʼ, and ʻEliksredʼ did not exceed 16.3 mg/100 g in the Northwestern region, while in the southern regions of Russia and in Belarus content of vitamin C in tubers exceeded 18 mg/100 g and even reached 25.8 mg/100 g in cv. ʻFioletovyjʼ [2,49,51,53].…”