Quality control of herbal medicines by capillary electrophoresis: Potential, requirements and applications

Ganzera, Markus

doi:10.1002/elps.200700901

Cited by 80 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 146 publications

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“…4 for respective electrochromatograms) shows that by both approaches eleutherol (4) was found to be the major compound, with a content of 0.16% (MEKC) and 0.18% (CEC), respectively. Eleuthoside B (1) was second dominant (0.06%/0.09%), followed by eleutherin (3) and isoeleutherin (2). The simultaneous analysis of both compounds (0.12%) by MEKC matched well with the individual results obtained by CEC (0.04% for compound 2 and 0.06% for compound 3).…”

Section: Quantitative Resultssupporting

confidence: 68%

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Application of MEKC and monolithic CEC for the analysis of bioactive naphthoquinones in Eleutherine americana

et al. 2009

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Two microscale separation techniques for the analysis of bioactive naphthoquinones in Eleutherine americana were developed and validated. By MEKC four compounds (eleuthoside B, isoeleutherin, eleutherol and eleutherinoside A) could be determined in plant extracts using an aqueous electrolyte solution composed of 25 mM sodium tetraborate, 50 mM sodium cholate and 20% THF. CEC on a polymeric methacrylate-based monolith with strong cationic properties showed promising results, as it additionally enabled the separation of two enantiomers, eleutherin and isoeleutherin. The mobile phase for CEC experiments comprised 3 mM ammonium formate in a mixture of ACN and water. At an applied voltage of -25 kV, all five markers were baseline separated in less than 12 min. Both methods were successfully validated for linearity (MEKC: R(2) > or = 0.999; CEC: R(2) > or = 0.997), sensitivity (MEKC: LOD = 4-5 microg/mL; CEC: LOD=2-8 microg/mL), accuracy (MEKC: 96.5-102.7% recovery; CEC: 97.1-103.5% recovery) and precision (MEKC: sigma(rel) < or = 2.43%; CEC: sigma(rel) < or = 2.21%). The quantitative analysis of naphthoquinone derivatives in several E. americana samples showed that both methods are suitable for practical applications, because the results were well comparable to those obtained by established techniques such as HPLC.

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Section: Quantitative Resultssupporting

confidence: 68%

“…Most of them were and still are based on HPLC. CE is steadily gaining importance due to many obvious methodological advantages such as versatility, economic use and high separation efficiency [2]. For recently developed techniques, such as CEC using monolithic separation materials, mostly systematic studies have been performed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of MEKC and monolithic CEC for the analysis of bioactive naphthoquinones in Eleutherine americana

et al. 2009

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“…These compounds are very interesting because of their wide structural variability (5000 derivatives are known up to now), which explains their broad spectrum of pharmacological effects and medicinal uses (Ganzera, 2008). In most reports, comparable analytical conditions were described, which are based on reverse-phase (RP) stationary phases and acid mobile phases (Guo et al, 2008;Matsui et al, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Botanicals inRibes nigrumbud-preparations: An analytical fingerprinting to evaluate the bioactive contribution to total phytocomplex

Donno

Beccaro

Mellano

et al. 2013

Pharmaceutical Biology

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Context: Ribes nigrum L. (Grossulariaceae) is among the most commonly used herbal medicines and it is popularized for its alleged tonic effect and curative and restorative properties. The current practice of identifying herbal extracts is by measuring the concentration of the main botanicals. Their concentrations are used to characterize the herbal preparations and fingerprinting is recommended by the main Pharmacopeias as a potential and reliable strategy for the quality control of complex mixtures. Objective: The aim of this research was to perform an analytical study of R. nigrum budpreparations, in order to identify and quantify the main bioactive compounds, obtaining a specific chemical fingerprint to evaluate the single class contribution to herbal preparation phytocomplex. Materials and methods: The same analyses were performed using a high-performance liquid chromatograph-diode array detector both on University lab preparations and on commercial preparations from different Italian locations. Different chromatographic methods were used to analyse the macerated samples, two for polyphenols and one for terpenic compounds. Results: Ribes nigrum was identified as a rich source of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant compounds. The observed analytical firgerprint demonstrated that these bud-preparations represent a rich source of terpenic and polyphenolic compounds, especially catechins and phenolic acids. Discussion and conclusion: Analytical fingerprinting could be an important tool to study the assessment of chemical composition and bioactivities of plant-derived products, helping to find new sources of natural health-promoting compounds: this study allowed the development of an effective tool for quality control through botanical fingerprinting of bud preparations.

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“…CE coupled MS, in particular CE timeof-flight MS (CE-TOFMS), has been demonstrated to have high separation capability and sensitivity for the profiling of charged metabolites, including primary metabolites such as amino acids, amines, organic acids and nucleic acids (Soga et al 2003(Soga et al , 2006Monton and Soga 2007). CE alone has been used for the targeted analysis of alkaloids and flavonoids (Ganzera 2008;Lao et al 2009;HurtadoFernandez et al 2010) and used for quality control (QC) of herbal medicines (Ganzera 2008). LC-MS-based profiling showed variance attributed to harvesting region and processing protocol (Xie et al 2008;Chan et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Profiling of the charged metabolites of traditional herbal medicines using capillary electrophoresis time-of-flight mass spectrometry

et al. 2011

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The quantification of a small number of bioactive components in herbal medicines is often inadequate when attempting to elucidate a medicine's biological effects. Despite rapid advances in analytical technologies, obtaining comprehensive metabolomic profiles of herbal medicines remains difficult, due to the complexity of natural product mixtures. Toki-Shakuyaku-San is a Chinese medicine used widely to treat gynecological and obstetric disorders, such as infertility, dysmenorrhea, toxemia during pregnancy and neural dysfunction. It consists of Angelica acutiloba Radix (Toki), Cnidium officinale Rhizoma (Senkyu), Paeonia lactiflora Radix (Shakuyaku), Atractylodes lancea Rhizoma (Sojutsu), Alisma orientale Rhizoma (Takusha) and Poria cocos Hoelen (Bukuryo). To elucidate the composition of these herbal medicines individually, we conducted non-targeted profiling analyses of extracts of these herbs using capillary electrophoresis time-of-flight mass spectrometry (CE-TOFMS), which allows the simultaneous quantification of hundreds of charged metabolites. In total, 737 ± 183.1 (average ± SD) metabolite-derived features were observed, and of these, 119 metabolites were identified. Score plots of principal component analysis (PCA) showed a clear cluster including Shakuyaku, Bukuryo, and Sojutsu, while the other three herbs were distributed over PCA spaces. Loading plots revealed that amino acids and shikimate-derived alkaloids were the predominant metabolite constituents. Hierarchical clustering analysis revealed that few clusters overlapped in the herbal medicines tested. This report is the first demonstration of the characterization of a herbal medicine using large-scale metabolomic analysis, which is complementary to traditional quality control methods.

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Quality control of herbal medicines by capillary electrophoresis: Potential, requirements and applications

Cited by 80 publications

References 146 publications

Application of MEKC and monolithic CEC for the analysis of bioactive naphthoquinones in Eleutherine americana

Application of MEKC and monolithic CEC for the analysis of bioactive naphthoquinones in Eleutherine americana

Botanicals inRibes nigrumbud-preparations: An analytical fingerprinting to evaluate the bioactive contribution to total phytocomplex

Profiling of the charged metabolites of traditional herbal medicines using capillary electrophoresis time-of-flight mass spectrometry

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