Quality control in veterinary blood banks: evaluation of canine platelet concentrates stored for five days

Abstract

Background: Platelets undergo structural, biochemical and functional alterations when stored, and platelet storage lesions reduce platelet function and half-life after transfusion. The objective of this study was to evaluate stored canine platelet concentrates with platelet aggregation, flow cytometry and biochemistry assays. Twenty-two bags of canine platelet concentrates were obtained by the platelet-rich plasma method and were assessed on days 1, 3 and 5 after collection. Parameters such as platelet counts, residual leukocytes, platelet swirling, glucose, lactate, pH, CD62P expression (platelet activation), JC-1 (mitochondrial function) and annexin V (apoptosis and cell death) were assessed. Results: Over the five days of storage there was a significant decrease in glucose, HCO 3 , pCO 2 , ATP, pH, swirling and mitochondrial function, associated with a significant increase in lactate levels and pO 2. At the end of storage pH was 5.9 ± 0.6 and lactate levels were 2.8 ± 1.2 mmol/L. Results of the quality parameters evaluated were similar to those reported in human platelets studies. The deleterious effects of storage were more pronounced in bags with higher platelet counts (> 7.49 × 10 10 /unit), suggesting that canine platelet concentrates should not contain an excessive number of platelets. Conclusions: Quality parameters of canine platelets under standard storage conditions were similar to those observed in human platelets. Our results have potential to be used for the routine evaluation and quality control in veterinary blood banks.

Retrospective evaluation of fresh platelet concentrate administration in dogs: Patient characteristics, outcomes, and transfusion practices in 189 transfusion episodes (2008–2019)

“…[52][53][54] Information regarding contamination of PC units in veterinary medicine is scarce, and the current evidence supports the fact that bacterial contamination is a rare phenomenon. 6,46,47,54 In our study, the incidence of a positive culture was 3%. These positive cultures were suspected by the laboratory per- In this retrospective study, dogs undergoing PC transfusion were commonly diagnosed with immune-mediated disease.…”

“…This time limit is related to the development of platelet storage lesions, a decrease in platelet function and viability, and potential bacterial proliferation. 1,46,47 In human medicine, the current evidence suggests that prolonged storage times (5-7 days)…”

“…One of the commonly described disadvantages of PC is its short storage time of 5 days. This time limit is related to the development of platelet storage lesions, a decrease in platelet function and viability, and potential bacterial proliferation 1,46,47 . In human medicine, the current evidence suggests that prolonged storage times (5–7 days) appear to be associated with dampened platelet count elevations posttransfusion compared to platelets stored for <3 days 48,49 .…”

The effects of additive solutions on the development of storage lesions in canine platelet concentrates stored at 4°C

“…When platelets incur storage lesions and are lysed, LDH is released from the cytoplasm. 32,33 to the decreased metabolism induced by the cold storage. 16 Aggregometry was used to determine the platelet function, which was found to be the highest in Isoplate and significantly lower in Inter-Sol.…”

“…The platelet surface P-selectin, a marker of platelet activation, was detected using a monoclonal antibody phycoerythrin (PE)-conjugated anti-CD62P. p ,31,32 Samples were then centrifuged at 500 × g for 3 minutes and the supernatant (1 ml) discarded. The remaining sample was distributed in 100-μl aliquots into a 96-well flat bottom assay plate.…”