Quality control in the analysis of lake sediments for spheroidal carbonaceous particles

Rose, Neil L.

doi:10.4319/lom.2008.6.172

Cited by 70 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…A known fraction of this suspension was then evaporated onto a coverslip and the number of SCPs counted using a light microscope at 9400 magnification. Criteria for SCP identification under the light microscope followed Rose (2008). SCP concentrations were expressed as the number of particles per gram dry mass of sediment (g -1 dm).…”

Section: Sediment Datingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SCP concentrations were expressed as the number of particles per gram dry mass of sediment (g -1 dm). Analytical blanks and SCP reference material (Rose 2008) were included in each batch of sample digestions. The detection limit for the technique is typically less than 100 g -1 dm and the calculated concentrations generally have an accuracy of c. ± 45 g -1 dm.…”

Section: Sediment Datingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Consequences of Fish Kills for Long-Term Trophic Structure in Shallow Lakes: Implications for Theory and Restoration

et al. 2016

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Fish kills are a common occurrence in shallow, eutrophic lakes, but their ecological consequences, especially in the long term, are poorly understood. We studied the decadal-scale response of two UK shallow lakes to fish kills using a palaeolimnological approach. Eutrophic and turbid Barningham Lake experienced two fish kills in the early 1950s and late 1970s with fish recovering after both events, whereas less eutrophic, macrophyte-dominated Wolterton Lake experienced one kill event in the early 1970s from which fish failed to recover. Our palaeo-data show fish-driven trophic cascade effects across all trophic levels (covering benthic and pelagic species) in both lakes regardless of prekill macrophyte coverage and trophic status. In turbid Barningham Lake, similar to long-term studies of biomanipulations in other eutrophic lakes, effects at the macrophyte level are shown to be temporary after the first kill (c. 20 years) and non-existent after the second kill. In plant-dominated Wolterton Lake, permanent fish disappearance failed to halt a long-term pattern of macrophyte community change (for example, loss of charophytes and over-wintering macrophyte species) symptomatic of eutrophication. Important implications for theory and restoration ecology arise from our study. Firstly, our data support ideas of slow eutrophication-driven change in shallow lakes where perturbations are not necessary prerequisites for macrophyte loss. Secondly, the study emphasises a key need for lake managers to reduce external nutrient loading if sustainable and longterm lake restoration is to be achieved. Our research highlights the enormous potential of multiindicator palaeolimnology and alludes to an important need to consider potential fish kill signatures when interpreting results.

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Section: Sediment Datingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sediment Datingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consequences of Fish Kills for Long-Term Trophic Structure in Shallow Lakes: Implications for Theory and Restoration

et al. 2016

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“…The samples were then transferred to vials, centrifuged and glycerol was added. Samples were mounted on a slide and SCP and charcoal concentrations were counted under a light microscope against a frequency of 50, 75 or 100 Lycopodium following the protocols of Rose (2008). SCP and charcoal frequency were calculated as numbers of particles per g dry mass.…”

Section: Scps and Charcoalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative dating of recent peat deposits using natural and anthropogenic fallout radionuclides and Spheroidal Carbonaceous Particles (SCPs) at a local and landscape scale

Parry

Charman

Blake

2013

Quaternary Geochronology

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Abstract:Proxy records from recently accumulated peats provide valuable information about past environmental change, but they depend on high quality chronological information to calculate rates and timing of change. However, there is uncertainty in the accuracy and consistency of the methodologies used for dating recent peats. This study compares results from Spheroidal Carbonaceous Particles (SCPs) and natural and anthropogenic fallout radionuclides ( 210 Pb, 137 Cs and 241 Am) used to date three replicate cores from three contrasting sites. Data are used to test the consistency of dating techniques within and between sites, and to assess the impact of local conditions on geochronological results.There is broad consistency in results, but there is also a significant disagreement between dates in a number of cores, both within and between sites. A relatively dry site that had been affected by past burning and erosion showed the greatest consistency between methods and replicate cores. Wetter, less degraded sites showed least consistency. Using patterns of (dis)agreement between dating techniques we assess the potential causes of dating inaccuracy. The data support previous suggestions that 210 Pb is mobile in wetter conditions, and suggests that 241 Am can be considered an increasingly valuable radionuclide. Finally, our data suggest the current estimates for SCP-based ages in the region are incorrect and require further regional calibration.Using several techniques on replicate cores from three sites in the same area has provided a more robust evaluation of the likely reliability of individual techniques and the processes that may adversely affect them. We conclude that until advances are made in understanding the processes behind the variable quality of SCP and fallout radionuclide dating, using two or more dating techniques will greatly improve understanding of the validity of a peatland chronology, especially in wetter locations.

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“…A known fraction of this suspension was then evaporated onto a coverslip, mounted onto a glass slide, and the number of SCPs was counted using a light microscope at 400× magnification. Standard criteria for SCP identification were followed (Rose, 2008). SCP concentrations were calculated in units of 'number of particles per gram dry mass of sediment' (gDM −1 ) and SCP fluxes as 'number of particles per cm 2 per year' (cm −2 yr −1 ).…”

Section: Spheroidal Carbonaceous Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SCP concentrations were calculated in units of 'number of particles per gram dry mass of sediment' (gDM −1 ) and SCP fluxes as 'number of particles per cm 2 per year' (cm −2 yr −1 ). Analytical blanks and SCP reference material (Rose, 2008) were included with sample digestions. The detection limit for the technique is typically less than 100 gDM −1 , and calculated concentrations generally have a precision of c. ±45 gDM −1 .…”

Section: Spheroidal Carbonaceous Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air pollutant contamination and acidification of surface waters in the North York Moors, UK: Multi-proxy evidence from the sediments of a moorland pool

et al. 2014

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Despite the extensive geographical range of palaeolimnological studies designed to assess the extent of surface water acidification in the United Kingdom during the 1980s, little attention was paid to the status of surface waters in the North York Moors (NYM). In this paper, we present sediment core data from a moorland pool in the NYM that provide a record of air pollution contamination and surface water acidification. The 41-cm-long core was divided into three lithostratigraphic units. The lower two comprise peaty soils and peats, respectively, that date to between approximately 8080 and 6740 cal. BP. The uppermost unit comprises peaty lake muds dating from between approximately ad 1790 and the present day (ad 2006). The lower two units contain pollen dominated by forest taxa, whereas the uppermost unit contains pollen indicative of open landscape conditions similar to those of the present. Heavy metal, spheroidal carbonaceous particle, mineral magnetics and stable isotope analysis of the upper sediments show clear evidence of contamination by air pollutants derived from fossil-fuel combustion over the last c. 150 years, and diatom analysis indicates that the naturally acidic pool became more acidic during the 20th century. We conclude that the exceptionally acidic surface waters of the pool at present (pH = c. 4.1) are the result of a long history of air pollution and not because of naturally acidic local conditions. We argue that the highly acidic surface waters elsewhere in the NYM are similarly acidified and that the lack of evidence of significant recovery from acidification, despite major reductions in the emissions of acidic gases that have taken place over the last c. 30 years, indicates the continuing influence of pollutant sulphur stored in catchment peats, a legacy of over 150 years of acid deposition.

show abstract

Quality control in the analysis of lake sediments for spheroidal carbonaceous particles

Cited by 70 publications

References 27 publications

Consequences of Fish Kills for Long-Term Trophic Structure in Shallow Lakes: Implications for Theory and Restoration

Consequences of Fish Kills for Long-Term Trophic Structure in Shallow Lakes: Implications for Theory and Restoration

Comparative dating of recent peat deposits using natural and anthropogenic fallout radionuclides and Spheroidal Carbonaceous Particles (SCPs) at a local and landscape scale

Air pollutant contamination and acidification of surface waters in the North York Moors, UK: Multi-proxy evidence from the sediments of a moorland pool

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