“…The incorporation of llers into meat products such as sausages has some advantages such as increasing the product yield and quality, enhancing the formulation properties, improving the health and nutritional benets, and reducing cost. 56,57 Positive results have been reported in the incorporation of different llers such as tapioca starch and our from wheat, cassava, rice, coconut, and high-quality cassava 55,[58][59][60] in sausages. A comparison of the optimized sample with the control revealed that the control sample had higher mean values for moisture, fat, and protein contents.…”