Quality Assessment of Groundwater in the Lower Litani Basin (LLRB), Lebanon

Nehme, Nada; Haydar, Chaden; Dib, Amani; Ajouz, Nawal; Tarawneh, Khalid

doi:10.22606/gr.2020.51001

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 2 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In mid rainy season, the level of contamination increases, and this appears in all sites where the degree of contamination is 24.17 in site S3. According to Hakanson (1980), Nehme et al (2020), the low contamination factors appears when Cf < 1, for Fe and Mn in the entire sites. In site S1, there are all forms of contamination: moderate pollution for Cr and Zn; considerable pollution for Pb, Cd, and severe pollution for Cu.…”

Section: Assessment Of Heavy Metals Using Contamination Factor (C F )mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Heavy Metals Content in Water and Sediments in the Upper Litani River Basin, Lebanon

Haydar¹,

Tarawneh²,

Nehme³

et al. 2022

GEP

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Surface water quality is largely influenced by both natural processes and anthropogenic inputs. This study involves the characterization of the concentration of heavy metals of Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn, and the sources of pollution in water and sediment of the Upper Litani River Basin (ULRB) in Lebanon. The investigation was performed during three seasons of rainy, mid-rainy spring and wet periods for two years during different flow rates. Sediments were characterized by a set of chemical analyses, cation exchange capacity (CEC), mineralogy of the sediments, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). To assess metal contamination in sediment, Consensus-Based Sediment Quality Guidelines of Wisconsin (CBSQG) were applied. The metals contamination in the sediments was also evaluated by contamination factor (Cf). The test results showed that the effect of seasonal variations was significant in the Upper Litani River Basin. Principal Compound Analysis (PCA) and Pearson's correlation were also performed in this study to compare and determine the correlation between metals in water and sediments. The concentrations of Pb, Cd, Cu, Cr and Zn in all sediment samples are above the norms in winter, while Fe was increased in summer. The results showed that the importance of monitoring of changes of heavy metals values and physico-chemical characterization of different parameters could represent the possibility of a comprehensive assessment of negative pressures on the water and soil ecosystem of Litani River Basin during different seasons.

show abstract

Section: Assessment Of Heavy Metals Using Contamination Factor (C F )mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of these rocks are of karstified, dominated by fractured limestone and dolomitic limestone. Most of the lithologies exhibit high permeability and are subjected to erosion caused by flowing water (Shaban & Hamzé, 2017;Nehme et al, 2020). The river supplies water to many domestic and agricultural purposes in the ULRB.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy Metals Content in Water and Sediments in the Upper Litani River Basin, Lebanon

Haydar¹,

Tarawneh²,

Nehme³

et al. 2022

GEP

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The situation has negatively affected the quality of life of the inhabitants and the economy [24]. The cost of water degradation in Lebanon was estimated at about US$120 million per year or 0.71 percent of annual GDP [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wastewater to Wetlands: Turning the Tide with Azolla Ferns

Kamaleddine,

Keniar,

Yanni

et al. 2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Water pollution is a major problem exacerbated by untreated wastewater discharged into the environment, leading to eutrophication and algal blooms. This research at the American University of Beirut explores the potential of using Azolla pinnata, an aquatic fern, to rid wastewater from ammonium (NH4-N) and soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP), which are the main contributors to eutrophication. A controlled phytoremediation experiment conducted at the Advancing Research and Enabling Communities (AREC) center in the Bekaa valley showed that A. pinnata can decrease NH4-N and SRP in the primary treated wastewater by 98.2% and 96.4% respectively, within 20 days. The color and odor of treated wastewater reverted to the characteristics of fresh water, making this recycling method highly sustainable due to its relatively low cost. The prospective project would be scaled to the university’s farm level by constructing artificial wetlands at AREC using wastewater generated by the farm facilities. The harvested Azolla can be used as animal feed and/or as a green fertilizer. Successfully reintroducing the precarious wetlands in that arid region would alleviate the stress on aquifers and replenish many endemic species currently on their way to extinction. As a result, the university would be treating its wastewater in a sustainable way while contributing to greening the landscape slowly transfigured by desertification.

show abstract

“…Water is a precious resource that sustains life and supports our ecosystems while regulating the climate. However, it is also a scarce resource, with only 0.014% of fresh water available on our planet (Nehme, 2014). Water is vital for human activities such as agriculture, industry, and domestic uses, making it a political, economic, and strategic issue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the water quality of Oued Ain Bayda in Saida region of Algeria.

Chalane et al.

2023

Egypt. J. of Aquatic Biolo. and Fish.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study aimed to assess the water quality of Oued Ain bayda (Saida, ALGERIA) and identify the types of pollution present. Monthly sampling was conducted at three stations (S1, S2, S3) to analyze the physicochemical parameters including temperature, pH, electric conductivity, biochemical oxygen demand, dissolved oxygen, nitrite, nitrate, chloride, ammonium, suspended solids, sodium, fatty oils, and turbidity. Results indicated that temperature ranged from 10°C to 19°C, pH ranged between 7.5 and 9, and conductivity ranged from 10 to 23 μs/cm. Biochemical oxygen demand ranged from 8.38 to 15.30 mg/l, while dissolved oxygen ranged from 1.58 to 2.9 mg O2/l. Nitrite ranged between 1.50 and 2.03 mg/l, and nitrate ranged between 46 to 55 mg/l. Chloride ranged between 78 to 81 mg/l, ammonium ranged from 1.68 to 2.36 mg/l, suspended solids ranged from 155 to 195 mg/l, sodium ranged from 7 to 7.60 mg/l, and fatty oils ranged from 96 to 116 mg/l. Turbidity ranged between 8 to 17 NTU, with a significant increase observed in winter (December to January) in 2022 . The summer (especially August) recorded the highest means for all parameters except for turbidity. Pollutants found in Oued ain bayda were of various origins, including industrial, chemical, and agro-food.

show abstract

Quality Assessment of Groundwater in the Lower Litani Basin (LLRB), Lebanon

Cited by 6 publications

References 2 publications

Heavy Metals Content in Water and Sediments in the Upper Litani River Basin, Lebanon

Heavy Metals Content in Water and Sediments in the Upper Litani River Basin, Lebanon

Wastewater to Wetlands: Turning the Tide with Azolla Ferns

Assessing the water quality of Oued Ain Bayda in Saida region of Algeria.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About