Quality and Yield Components Assessment of Some Bread Wheat Genotypes

Abstract

This study was conducted at Sakha Agricultural Research Station, ARC, Egypt, during 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 seasons, to evaluate quality and kernels yield components of some local wheat genotypes. In this study, seven bread wheat cultivars (Misr1, Misr2, Gemmiza11, Shandaweel1, Sakha95, Misr3, and Giza171) and 12 wheat lines have been used. The research has been established as a completely randomize design with three replicates. Genotypes had highly significant effects on quality and yield components traits. The results indicated that Shandaweel1, Giza171and Line7 gave the tallest plants. Gemmiza11 produced the tallest spikes, while, Shandaweel1 gave the high number of spikelets per spike. The highest values of spike kernel weight and number of kernels per spike produced by Line12.Line 4 and Line11 gave the highest1000-kernel weight. Line10 gave the lowest moisture and the highest ash content. The highestcrude protein percentage, wet gluten and dry gluten percentage was obtained from Line4. Misr2 and Line10 produced the highestoil percentage. While, the highest fiber and carbohydrate contents were obtained by Line8 and Line2, respectively. Both of cultivarsShandaweel1 and Line11 produced the highest starch content and Line3 gave the highest hectoliter weight.The correlation analysis showed that spike kernels weight observed positive relationship with hectoliter and between spike kernel weight and number of kernel per spike. On the other hand, protein content percentage observed positive relationship with wet and dry gluten content. In addition, there is positive correlation between ash and both of oil and fiber content.

IMPACT OF BIO-ORGANIC FERTILIZATION AND NITROGEN LEVELS ON MAIZE (Zea mays L.) RESILIENCE

“…This trend is supported by findings from Mahgoub (1987), indicating a decrease in nitrogen recovery with higher fertilizer nitrogen levels. In contrast, Shafshak et al (1994) reported an increase in nitrogen recovery with rising nitrogen levels, while Nofal (1999) noted a slight reduction in nitrogen recovery as nitrogen levels increased.…”

“…It could be concluded from these results that to obtain the high grain yield in sandy soils, N level must be increased up to 90-135 kg N/fad. Different studies have reported varying effects of nitrogen levels on NUE; for instance, Sisson et al (1991) noted a decrease in NUE with increasing nitrogen levels, while Compbell et al (1993) and Shafshak et al (1994) found that NUE increased with higher nitrogen fertilizer levels. Additionally, Moll et al (1982) observed a range of 20-32 kg grain per one kg of soil nitrogen when 225 kg N/ha was applied (Gheith et al, 2022).…”