Qualities of Children’s Friendships in Middle Childhood in East- and West Berlin

Affection, virtue, pleasure, and profit: Developing an understanding of friendship closeness and intimacy in western and Asian societies

“…Children in China and Russia might be provided with cultural concepts that emphasize the psychological functions of friendship (e.g., the concept of heart-toheart friendship in China) and help children understand what a close, intimate friendship should be like, whereas western children may predominantly derive the criteria of good friendships from their social experience in peer interaction and from reading. Therefore they may co-construct the concept of friendship rather than learn it directly as a cultural concept (Keller, 2004;Krappmann et al, 1999;Youniss, 1980). Surprisingly, for the Chinese participants, positive feelings in friendships might not be established by mutual selfdisclosure and talking about secrets, as the analysis of the category Talking implies.…”

“…Overall, these findings indicate that friendship in Russia is a special and allencompassing relationship that implies strong obligations (Richmond, 1996). Krappmann, Uhlendorff, and Oswald (1999) examined the differences and similarities in friendship quality and concept of 6-to 14-year-old children from West and East Berlin shortly after the break-down of the Socialist regime. They found few differences in content aspects of friendship reasoning between the two samples, but East Berlin children's level of friendship reasoning was slightly more advanced than that of children from the Western part of the town.…”

Twenty Years After the Velvet Revolution

“…Although there is a substantial evidence that the postcommunist transition affected adolescents’ values, interpretation of relevant political issues and social order, perceptions and evaluations of social welfare, family life, or activities (e.g., Bowes, Chalmers, & Flanagan, 1997; Flanagan et al, 1999, 2003; Flanagan, Bowes, Jonsson, Csapo, & Sheblanova, 1998; Krappmann, Uhlendorf, & Oswald, 1999; Macek et al, 1998; Noack, 1999), it is necessary to distinguish among several intertwined effects. On one hand, young people in the generation that personally experienced the revolutionary events not only reported criticism in regard to the prerevolutionary situation but also a lot of positive feelings regarding change and, especially, the high level of personal enthusiasm regarding their future (Macek et al, 1998; Macek & Kostroň, 1996).…”

“…2003 ;Flanagan, Bowes, Jonsson, Csapo, & Sheblanova, 1998;Krappmann, Uhlendorf, & Oswald, 1999;Macek et al, 1998;Noack, 1999), it is necessary to distinguish among several intertwined effects. On one hand, young people in the generation that personally experienced the revolutionary events not only reported criticism in regard to the prerevolutionary situation but also a lot of positive feelings regarding change and, especially, the high level of personal enthusiasm regarding their future (Macek et al, 1998;Macek & Kostroň, 1996).…”

After the Wall: Parental attitudes to child rearing in East and West Germany

“…The ''Children, Friends, and Family'' research project(Krappmann, Uhlendorff, & Oswald, 1999;Oswald & Krappmann, 1995) was supported by the DFG (German research council), the Max Planck Institute for Human Development, the Free University of Berlin, and the University of Potsdam. The working group was headed by Prof Dr Lothar Krappmann, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, and Prof Dr Hans Oswald, University of Potsdam.3 Unlike the West Berlin sample, the two East Berlin subsamples could not be compared with respect to family structure because the relevant information was missing for the nonparticipating parents.4 On a short, three-item scale designed to measure Wende-related changes in general living conditions, employment, and the financial situation, the mothers and fathers who participated in this more detailed survey of their experience of the Wende did not differ from those parents who did not continue on to this part of the study.at East Tennessee State University on June 1, 2015 jbd.sagepub.com Downloaded from…”