Qualitative, longitudinal exploration of coping strategies and factors facilitating infant and young child feeding practices among mothers in rural Rwanda

Abstract

Purpose Mothers in low income countries face many challenges to appropriately (breast) feed their children in the first year such as poverty, food insecurity and high workloads. However, even in the lowest income families there are mothers who strive and succeed to feed their children according to the recommendations. In this paper, we explored the coping strategies that facilitate appropriate breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices among rural Rwandan mothers from birth to one year of a child’s life.Methods Mothers (n=17) who followed the recommended infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices were selected from a larger sample of 36 mothers. Mothers of the total group were interviewed within the first week, at four, six, nine and twelve months postpartum. In the analysis, coping strategies and factors facilitating coping were extracted.Results Coping strategies included mothers’ effort to strengthen their diet to improve breastmilk production, balancing work and child feeding, prioritizing childcare, preparing child’s food in advance active uptake of the recommendations and persistence in overcoming barriers. Personal and social factors facilitated these coping strategies of the mothers.ConclusionIn challenging contextual conditions, mothers manage to follow the recommended breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices through the interplay of active coping strategies, feeling to be in control and social support.