Qualitative feed restriction for late finishing pigs on meat quality and fatty acid profile

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of including cashew bagasse bran (CBB) as a food ingredient in qualitative feed restriction programs on the carcass traits and meat quality of barrows and gilts. Twenty-four crossbred pigs (12 barrows and 12 gilts) were used, with an average initial body weight of 57.93 ± 3.67 kg/LW. The experimental design was a randomized block 3x2 factorial arrangement with three levels (0%, 15% and 30% CBB), two sexes (barrows and gilts) and four repetitions. The treatments were composed of the basal diet (BD) formulated with corn, soybean meal and a commercial base mix for finishing pigs, to which different levels of CBB were added. At the end of the trial period, the animals were slaughtered for the evaluation of the meat quality and carcass traits. The inclusion of CBB in the diets did not affect the carcass traits of the gilts but affected the carcass traits of the barrow positively, increasing theyield of meat in the chilled carcass and reducing the thickness of subcutaneous fat. In the longissimus dorsi muscle and in the adipose tissue of the pigs, the myristic (C14:0), palmitoleic (C16:1), oleic (C18:1), linoleic (C18:2), linolenic (C18:3) and arachidonic (C20:4) fatty acids were evaluated, and no effect was observed (P>0.05) from the levels of CBB in the diets. In the comparisons between the sexes, a greater concentration of C20:4 fatty acid was observed in the carcass of the gilts. In this context, CBB was considered for use as a feed ingredient in programs of qualitative feed restriction for finishing pigs. Key words: Alternative food. Fat. Nutrition. Pig farming. ResumoObjetivou-se com este estudo avaliar os efeitos do farelo do bagaço de caju (CBB) como ingrediente de rações em programas de restrição alimentar sobre as características da carcaça e da qualidade da carne de suínos machos castrados e fêmeas. castrados e 12 fêmeas) com peso médio inicial de 57,93 ± 3,67 kg/PV. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos casualizados em um esquema fatorial 3x2, sendo três níveis (0%, 15% e 30% de CBB), dois sexos e quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram compostos por uma dieta basal (DB) formulada com milho, farelo de soja e núcleo comercial para suínos em terminação, contendo diferentes níveis de CBB. No final do período experimental os animais foram abatidos para a avaliação da carcaça e da qualidade de carne. A inclusão de CBB nas dietas não afetou a qualidade das carcaças das fêmeas, mas interferiu positivamente nas carcaças dos machos castrados, aumentando o rendimento de carne na carcaça resfriada e reduzindo a espessura de toucinho. Foram identificados no músculo Longissimus dorsi e no tecido adiposo das fêmeas e machos castrados os ácidos graxos Mirístico, C14:0; Palmitoléico, C16:1; Oléico, C18:1; Linoléico, C18:2; Linolênico C18:3 e Aracdônico C20:4, mas, não foram afetados (P>0,05) pelos níveis de CBB nas dietas. Quando se comparou os resultados entre sexo, observouse maior concentração do ácido graxo araquidônico na carcaça das fêmeas. Neste contex...