Qualitative aspects of diet affecting visceral and subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue: a systematic review of observational and controlled intervention studies

Fischer, Karina; Pick, Julia A.; Moewes, Daniela; Nöthlings, Ute

doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuu006

Cited by 31 publications

(50 citation statements)

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“…Several lines of evidence have confirmed [20, 27–30] that food restriction or a very-low-calorie diet could lead to a rapid weight loss and decreased adipose tissue masses in both healthy subjects and obese individuals. In terms of total weight loss, visceral adipose tissue is more sensitive to weight reduction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pharmacological therapy for obesity has also been suggested to specifically target VAT loss [20], because the benefit of reducing VAT is significant for obesity, especially obesity associated with metabolic abnormalities [27]. The results of many clinical trials have verified that almost all forms of weight loss affect visceral fat more than subcutaneous fat [20, 28–30]. Several studies have reported that mobilization of the visceral depot appears to be faster than that of subcutaneous fat during food deprivation [31]; however, the molecular mechanisms are not fully understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plasticity of adipose tissue in response to fasting and refeeding in male mice

Tang

Man

et al. 2017

Nutr Metab (Lond)

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BackgroundFasting is the most widely prescribed and self-imposed strategy for treating excessive weight gain and obesity, and has been shown to exert a number of beneficial effects. The aim of the present study was to determine the exact role of fasting and subsequent refeeding on fat distribution in mice.MethodsC57/BL6 mice fasted for 24 to 72 h and were then subjected to refeeding for 72 h. At 24, 48 and 72 h of fasting, and 12, 24, 48 and 72 h of refeeding, the mice were sacrificed, and serum and various adipose tissues were collected. Serum biochemical parameters, adipose tissue masses and histomorphological analysis of different depots were detected. MRNA was isolated from various adipose tissues, and the expressions of thermogenesis, visceral signature and lipid metabolism-related genes were examined. The phenotypes of adipose tissues between juvenile and adult mice subjected to fasting and refeeding were also compared.ResultsFasting preferentially consumed mesenteric fat mass and decreased the cell size of mesenteric depots; however, refeeding recovered the mass and morphology of inguinal adipose tissues preferentially compared with visceral depots. Thermogenesis-related gene expression in the inguinal WAT and interscapular BAT were suppressed. Mitochondrial biogenesis was affected by fasting in a depot-specific manner. Furthermore, a short period of fasting led to an increase in visceral signature genes (Wt1, Tcf21) in subcutaneous adipose tissue, while the expression of these genes decreased sharply as the fasting time increased. Additionally, lipogenesis-related markers were enhanced to a greater extent greater in subcutaneous depots compared with those in visceral adipose tissues by refeeding. Although similar phenotypic changes in adipose tissue were observed between juvenile mice and adult mice subjected to fasting and refeeding, the alterations appeared earlier and more sensitively in juvenile mice.ConclusionsFasting preferentially consumes lipids in visceral adipose tissues, whereas refeeding recovers lipids predominantly in subcutaneous adipose tissues, which indicated the significance of plasticity of adipose organs for fat distribution when subject to food deprivation or refeeding.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12986-016-0159-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasticity of adipose tissue in response to fasting and refeeding in male mice

Tang

Man

et al. 2017

Nutr Metab (Lond)

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“…Over recent years, subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), has been the target of a few modalities aimed at its destruction . These techniques are utilized first and foremost for the purpose of treating medical conditions such as lipomas and lipomatous variants, which are the most common benign soft tissue in the world .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel transcutaneous, non‐focused ultrasound energy delivering device is able to induce subcutaneous adipose tissue destruction in an animal model

2016

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“…According to these studies, negative associations between fat mass and bone tissue have been demonstrated in children, men, and pre-and post-menopausal women [3][4][5][6][7][8][9] . Recently, visceral adipose tissue (VAT) has gained increasing attention on the basis of robust evidence linking VAT and insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, dyslipidaemia, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and cancer [10][11][12][13][14] . In addition, according to Cohen's study, VAT has been shown to show the most significant association with lower BMD; post-menopausal women with more VAT showed a significant decline in both BMD and microarchitecture, and also the bone regeneration rate was greatly suppressed 15 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Vaspin regulates the osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 through the PI3K-Akt/miR-34c loop

Liu¹,

Xu²,

Pei³

et al. 2016

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Vaspin (visceral adipose tissue-derived serine protease inhibitor) is a newly discovered adipokine that widely participates in diabetes mellitus, polycystic ovarian syndrome and other disorders of metabolism. However, the effect of vaspin on the regulation of osteogenesis and the mechanism responsible are still unclear. Here, we found that vaspin can attenuate the osteogenic differentiation of the preosteoblast cell line MC3T3-E1 in a dose-dependent way; also, during this process, the expression of miRNA-34c (miR-34c) was significantly increased. Down-regulation of the expression of miR-34c in MC3T3-E1 diminished the osteogenic inhibitory effect of vaspin, while the up-regulation of miR-34c increased this effect through its target gene Runx2. Meanwhile, we found that vaspin could also activate the PI3K-Akt signalling pathway. Blocking the PI3K-Akt signalling pathway with specific inhibitors could decrease the osteogenic inhibitory effect of vaspin as well as the expression level of miR-34c. Furthermore, knock-down of miR-34c could promote the activation of Akt, which was probably realised by targeting c-met expression. Thus, PI3K-Akt and miR-34c constituted a modulation loop and controlled the expression of each other. Taken together, our study showed that vaspin could inhibit the osteogenic differentiation in vitro, and the PI3K-Akt/miR-34c loop might be the underlying mechanism.Fat is the largest endocrine organ in the human body and has a complex connection with bone. In the past, it was widely accepted that fat was a protective factor for bone mass. The loading effect caused by fat mass cooperates with that of muscle mass and can protect the bone mineral density (BMD) from declining 1 . However, recent studies have challenged the conventional standpoint which states that fat might be a beneficial factor for bone health. One study carried out in 197 elderly patients showed that fracture risk was positively related to the fat mass in the bone marrow 2 , and this viewpoint gained support from additional researches. According to these studies, negative associations between fat mass and bone tissue have been demonstrated in children, men, and pre-and post-menopausal women [3][4][5][6][7][8][9] . Recently, visceral adipose tissue (VAT) has gained increasing attention on the basis of robust evidence linking VAT and insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, dyslipidaemia, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and cancer [10][11][12][13][14] . In addition, according to Cohen's study, VAT has been shown to show the most significant association with lower BMD; post-menopausal women with more VAT showed a significant decline in both BMD and microarchitecture, and also the bone regeneration rate was greatly suppressed 15 . Furthermore, the similar result was found in Júnior's study, who found that BMD was negatively correlated with VAT 16. These results all indicated that VAT might have a negative effect on bone, and the adipokines might be responsible.To date, many adipokines have been found to participate in bone metabol...

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Qualitative aspects of diet affecting visceral and subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue: a systematic review of observational and controlled intervention studies

Abstract: Additional well-designed prospective studies are warranted to confirm current findings and to identify further qualitative aspects of diet that may influence VAT and SAAT accumulation.

Cited by 31 publications

References 83 publications

Plasticity of adipose tissue in response to fasting and refeeding in male mice

Plasticity of adipose tissue in response to fasting and refeeding in male mice

A novel transcutaneous, non‐focused ultrasound energy delivering device is able to induce subcutaneous adipose tissue destruction in an animal model

Vaspin regulates the osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 through the PI3K-Akt/miR-34c loop

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