Qualitative and quantitative EEG abnormalities in violent offenders with antisocial personality disorder

Reyes, Ana Calzada; Amador, Alfredo Alvarez

doi:10.1016/j.jflm.2008.08.001

Cited by 25 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Most authors did not distinguish between delinquents with and without an additional antisocial personality disorder. An exception was the study by Calzada-Reyes and Alvarez-Amador [30], who found no differences between these two groups, but an increase in theta frequencies in left frontal regions and in delta power in left mid temporal and right central leads in both groups with and without an antisocial personality disorder.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Besides increased delta and theta power, alpha activity was found to be decreased in violent offenders with and without an antisocial personality disorder in right centrotemporal and left temporal areas [30], and in temporal and parieto-occipital areas in violent psychiatric inpatients [25]. Beta activity was increased mainly in central regions of the brain, although only in offenders with an antisocial personality disorder [30] or psychopathy [32] compared to delinquents without these diagnoses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Is Excessive Electroencephalography Beta Activity Associated with Delinquent Behavior in Men with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Symptomatology?

Meier¹,

Perrig²,

Koenig³

2014

Neuropsychobiology

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Background/Aims: The attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) shows an increased prevalence in delinquents compared to the normal population. In recent studies, a subgroup of subjects with ADHD as well as a subgroup of delinquents displayed excessive electroencephalography (EEG) beta activity, which has been associated with antisocial behavior in ADHD children. We investigated whether delinquent behavior in adults with ADHD symptomatology is related to excessive beta activity. Methods: We compared the resting state EEGs (eyes open/closed) of delinquent and nondelinquent subjects with ADHD symptoms and those of a control group regarding EEG power spectra and topography. Results: Delinquents with ADHD symptomatology showed more beta power at frontal, central and parietal brain regions than nondelinquents with ADHD symptoms. Conclusion: Excessive beta power may thus represent a risk factor for delinquent behavior in adults with ADHD symptomatology. The awareness of such a risk factor may be helpful in the assessment of the risk for delinquent behavior in a psychiatric context and may provide a neurobiological background for therapeutic interventions. © 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Excessive Electroencephalography Beta Activity Associated with Delinquent Behavior in Men with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Symptomatology?

Meier¹,

Perrig²,

Koenig³

2014

Neuropsychobiology

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“…Increased slow-wave activity in adolescence has been shown to predict emergence of antisocial behaviour later in life (Raine 1990). Attenuated alpha rhythm and increase in theta and delta activity in the frontal lobe has been found in violent offenders with antisocial personality disorder (Reyes 2009). Diminished P300 activity across varied activity has been reported in people with aggression and impulsivity (Gerstle 1998) and in individuals diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder (Bauer 1994).…”

Section: Personality Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

EEG in psychiatric practice: to do or not to do?

Badrakalimuthu¹,

Swamiraju²,

Waal³

2011

Adv. psychiatr. treat

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SummaryElectroencephalography (EEG) is a non-invasive investigation that can aid the diagnosis of psychiatric and neuropsychiatric disorders. A good predictor of an abnormal EEG recording is the presence of an organic factor identified during the clinical assessment. The non-invasiveness and low cost of the procedure and its ability to measure spontaneous brain activity appear to attract clinicians to utilise this investigative tool. However, studies have reported that EEGs arising from psychiatric referrals have the lowest abnormality detection rate. The focus of this article is to improve this by highlighting the current pitfalls and providing recommendations for appropriate utilisation of EEG. We describe specific EEG changes associated with major psychiatric disorders. We conclude by offering pragmatic considerations when referring a patient for EEG, emphasising the fact that the information provided to the neurophysiologist plays a crucial role in interpreting the EEG recording in a diagnostically meaningful way.

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“…The reduced peripheral-physiological responses found in these learning paradigms are in line with studies reporting aberrant cognitive processing and reduced cortical activity after errors in externalizing pathologies like psychopathy and Attention-Deficit-/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] . The frequently observed EEG abnormality related to violence and antisocial behavior: a higher ratio of low frequencies [21][22][23][24] (similar to findings of frontal hypo-activation in ADHD) is supported by functional and structural imaging studies, revealing prefrontal dysfunction in psychopathy (for review see Ref. 25).…”

mentioning

confidence: 79%

Brain self-regulation in criminal psychopaths

Konicar

Birbaumer²,

Poustka

2017

Brain Stimulation

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Psychopathic individuals are characterized by impaired affective processing, impulsivity, sensation-seeking, poor planning skills and heightened aggressiveness with poor self-regulation. Based on brain self-regulation studies using neurofeedback of Slow Cortical Potentials (SCPs) in disorders associated with a dysregulation of cortical activity thresholds and evidence of deficient cortical functioning in psychopathy, a neurobiological approach seems to be promising in the treatment of psychopathy. The results of our intensive brain regulation intervention demonstrate, that psychopathic offenders are able to gain control of their brain excitability over fronto-central brain areas. After SCP self-regulation training, we observed reduced aggression, impulsivity and behavioral approach tendencies, as well as improvements in behavioral-inhibition and increased cortical sensitivity for error-processing. This study demonstrates improvements on the neurophysiological, behavioral and subjective level in severe psychopathic offenders after SCP-neurofeedback training and could constitute a novel neurobiologically-based treatment for a seemingly change-resistant group of criminal psychopaths. P sychopathy is a personality construct accompanied by a spectrum of changes in affective processing, poor planning skills, impulsivity, disinhibition, sensation-seeking, aggressiveness and a lack of behavioral control, often yielding in antisocial, criminal behavior 1 . The deficient behavioral control and heightened aggressive approach behavior have been linked to an increased behavioral activation system, sensitive to reward/non punishment 2-7 . Emotional and cognitive abnormalities in individuals with psychopathic and antisocial characteristics were repeatedly demonstrated by findings of a diminished reactivity to aversive and negative emotional stimuli and incomplete or absent anticipatory avoidance learning, reflected in a diminished startle potentiation or the absent skin conductance responses in anticipation of punishment [8][9][10][11][12] . The reduced peripheral-physiological responses found in these learning paradigms are in line with studies reporting aberrant cognitive processing and reduced cortical activity after errors in externalizing pathologies like psychopathy and Attention-Deficit-/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] . The frequently observed EEG abnormality related to violence and antisocial behavior: a higher ratio of low frequencies [21][22][23][24] (similar to findings of frontal hypo-activation in ADHD) is supported by functional and structural imaging studies, revealing prefrontal dysfunction in psychopathy (for review see Ref. 25). Together with findings of psychopathic abnormal functioning in subcortical regions, a growing body of evidence associates psychopathy with aberrant activity of prefrontal-limbic circuits (including prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, insula and amygdala) [25][26][27] and the connections between these regions 28,29 . The cognitive and behaviora...

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Qualitative and quantitative EEG abnormalities in violent offenders with antisocial personality disorder

Cited by 25 publications

References 38 publications

Is Excessive Electroencephalography Beta Activity Associated with Delinquent Behavior in Men with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Symptomatology?

Is Excessive Electroencephalography Beta Activity Associated with Delinquent Behavior in Men with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Symptomatology?

EEG in psychiatric practice: to do or not to do?

Brain self-regulation in criminal psychopaths

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