Qualitative and Quantitative Determination of Phytochemical Contents of Indigenous Nigerian Softwoods

Abstract

The phytochemical contents of some milled Nigerian softwood chips were carried out in a quest to evaluate their potentials as sources of alternative medicine as well as uses in other industrial applications. The qualitative and quantitative analysis were ascertained. Tannin was found in all the Nigerian softwoods examined with the highest quantities obtained in Sterculia oblonga (1240 mg/100 g) and Barteria nigritiana (1230 mg/100 g). Highest quantities of alkaloid were obtained in Cordia millenii (11.2%) and Sterculia oblonga (10.4%). Barteria nigritiana (14.2%) and Moringa oleifera (12.2%) recorded more flavonoid content than other individual softwoods. Saponin was more in Anogeissus leiocarpus (12.5%) and Dichrostachys cinerea (9.8%). Oxalate was found to be higher in Combretodendron macrocarpum (5.84 g/100 g) and Glyphaea brevis (3.55 g/100 g). Pentaclethra macrophylla (890 mg/100 g) and Moringa oleifera (880 mg/100 g) contained more cyanogenic glycosides. Sacoglottis gabonensis (4.68 mg/g) and Pentaclethra macrophylla (4.04 mg/g) showed the highest contents of phenol, while more lipids (8% and 7.2%) were found in Anogeissus leiocarpus and Kaempferia galanga, respectively. The results showed that these Nigerian softwoods grains could be a source for the exploitation of these phytochemicals beneficial in the pharmaceutical and alternative medicine industries.

Proximate and phytochemical composition of African mahogany (<i>Afzelia africana</i>) seed and African mesquite (<i>Prosopis africana</i>) pod

“…These samples were taken to the Department of chemistry laboratory in the University of Ilorin for phytochemical screening and proximate analysis of the samples. Proximate and phytochemical analysis were carried out by adapting standard methods earlier used by Ayoola et al;(2008), Ejikeme et al; and adapted by Ezeonu and Ejikeme, (2016); Umeaku et al;(2018) ; Manzo et al;2017) and others.…”

Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles and zinc oxide–silver, zinc oxide–copper nanocomposites using Bridelia ferruginea as biotemplate

“…The methanolic dye extract was screened for major phytochemicals as shown in Table 1. Aside the biological and the therapeutic properties, the metabolites are reported to have excellent reducing and stabilizing ability towards the reduction of bulk metals to the nano forms [34]. High extract yields of phenols and terpenoids were recorded in the dye.…”

“…The presence of these molecules gives the dyes the expected self-assemblage and ability to cap the metal nanoparticles formed, thereby inducing controlled morphology [35]. Among the metabolites, terpenoids and phenols isolated from plants are implicated in successfully catalyzing the reduction of bulk material to nano ions [30,34]. The ability of phenol to act as capping agent lies in the presence of hydroxyl and carboxylic group which makes it a good chelator [36], impacting it with ability to stabilize metal ions [37].…”

Biochemical and Oxidative Changes in High Fat Diet/Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats Treated with Metformin and the Polyherbal Diawell

“…Oxidative stress index (OSI) was determined by the ratio of TOS to TAS. Qualitative phytochemical analysis was done on the herbal drug using classical methods, while the quantitative determination of the phytochemicals was done using spectrophotometric methods [18]. Pancreatic sections were stained using the standard haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining technique.…”