Qualitative and quantitative comparison of the cytotoxic and apoptotic potential of phytosterol oxidation products with their corresponding cholesterol oxidation products

Ryan, Eileen; Chopra, Jay; McCarthy, Florence O.; Maguire, Anita R.; O’Brien, Nora M.

doi:10.1079/bjn20051500

Cited by 111 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…According to numerous reports, if phytosterols are consumed regularly at 1-3 g/day dose, phytosterols may reduce blood cholesterol levels by 10 to 15% (EFSA, 2008). Other studies have shown that phytosterols may prevent cancer, atherosclerosis and inflammations (Ryan et al, 2005). The level of squalene in the Amaranthus oil (Tables 5 and 6) is comparable with data reported in other works (Czaplicki et al, 2012).…”

Section: Squalene and Sterols Contentsupporting

confidence: 81%

Yield and qualitative characterisation of seeds of Amaranthus hypochondriacus L. and Amaranthus cruentus L. grown in central Italy

et al. 2017

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Amaranth can be considered a very interesting crop for the Mediterranean region, thanks to its inherent tolerance to disadvantageous growing conditions, along with the high nutritional and nutraceutical value of its seeds. The study aims to evaluate the seed yield, and the oil content and quality of two amaranth genotypes (species Amaranthus hypochondriacus L. and Amaranthus cruentus L., respectively) grown in central Italy, testing two types of soil (loamy and sandy soil). The two species showed a good performance in the tested environment, with satisfactory seed yield and relative short growth cycle. Significant differences between the two genotypes were observed in terms of seed yield. The crude oil content ranged from 7.5% to 6.0%, with linoleic, palmitic and oleic acids as the major fatty acids of the oil in both genotypes. The unsaponifiable fraction was rich in sterols (campesterol, stigmasterol and β-sitosterol), and interesting levels of squalene were found. This study demonstrated the unique nutraceutical properties of the seeds of two genotypes of A. hypochondriacus and A. cruentus, grown in central Italy environment, as a source of polyunsaturated fatty acid and squalene. These characteristics make amaranth a valuable alternative crop for specialty oil production in the Mediterranean region.

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Section: Squalene and Sterols Contentsupporting

confidence: 81%

Yield and qualitative characterisation of seeds of Amaranthus hypochondriacus L. and Amaranthus cruentus L. grown in central Italy

et al. 2017

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“…According to numerous reports, if phytosterols are consumed regularly at 1-3 mg/day dose, phytosterols and/or phytostanols may reduce blood cholesterol levels by 10 to 15% [EFSA Report, 2008]. Other studies have shown that phytosterols may prevent cancer, atherosclerosis and infl ammations [Ryan et al, 2005].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amaranth Seeds and Products – The Source of Bioactive Compounds

Ogrodowska

Zadernowski

Czaplicki

et al. 2014

Pol. J. Food Nutr. Sci.

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In recent years, new products obtained from amaranth seeds have entered the food market including expanded "popping" seeds and fl akes. Lipids and biologically-active substances dissolved in these products are susceptible to changes. Additionally, due to the fact that fat quality has high dietary importance, there is a need to conduct detailed quality and quantity studies on the lipid composition of Amaranthus cruentus.For the samples under analysis, protein, fat, starch and ash content were determined. Fatty acids and sterols were analysed by gas chromatography. The analysis of tocopherols and squalene content was carried out with the application of high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with photodiode array and fl uorescence detectors (HPLC-DAD-FLD).Protein, fat and starch content did not change during seed processing. However in the case of tocopherols, the total tocopherol content was 10.6 mg/100 g for seeds, while in "popping" and in fl akes it was reduced by approximately 35%. The squalene content ranged from 469.96 mg/100 g for seeds to 358.9 mg/100 g for fl akes. No signifi cant differences were observed in the fatty acid profi le of seeds and products, but differences were observed in the sterol content.Unauthenticated Download Date | 5/13/18 12:42 AM

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“…These compounds may prevent cancers, atherosclerosis, and inflammatory conditions (Ryan et al 2005). The sum of sterols in the oil intented for encapsulation reached 1186 mg/ 100 g of oil.…”

Section: Bioactive Compound Content In Encapsulated Pumpkin Seed Oilmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Drying Process Conditions on the Physical Properties, Bioactive Compounds and Stability of Encapsulated Pumpkin Seed Oil

Ogrodowska

Tańska

Brandt

2017

Food Bioprocess Technol

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In this study, the influence of encapsulation process conditions on the physical properties and chemical composition of encapsulated pumpkin seed oil was investigated. Four variants of encapsulated oil were prepared: spray-dried nonhomogenized emulsions at the inlet temperatures of 180 and 130°C, spray-dried homogenized emulsion at the inlet temperature of 130°C, and freeze-dried homogenized emulsion. The emulsion was prepared by mixing 10.6% oil with 19.8% wall materials (15.9% maltodextrin + 0.5% guar gum + 3.9% whey protein concentrate) and 69.6% distilled water. The quality of encapsulated pumpkin seed oil was evaluated by encapsulation efficiency, surface oil, total oil and moisture contents, flowing properties, color, and size. Additionally, fatty acid composition, pigment characteristics, and the content of bioactive compounds (tocopherols, squalene, and sterols) were determined. Changes of these components after the encapsulation process in comparison to the control pumpkin seed oil were considered as stability parameters. The highest encapsulation efficiency was obtained by spray-drying at the inlet temperature of 130°C. Generally, the spray-drying process had a positive effect upon the physical parameters of encapsulated pumpkin seed oil but results were dependent on process conditions. The higher inlet temperature generated more surface oil, but capsules obtained at the lower temperature were greater in size and more deformed. Although freeze-drying proceeded at a very low temperature, the powder obtained with this technique was characterized by the highest bioactive compound losses (with the exception of sterols) and the lowest stability. The homogenization process applied before spray-drying affected greater polyunsaturated fatty acid, squalene, and pigment degradation. In conclusion, results of the study showed that the spray-drying non-homogenized emulsion was a more recommendable technique for the encapsulation of pumpkin seed oil because of smaller changes of native compounds and better oxidative stability.

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Qualitative and quantitative comparison of the cytotoxic and apoptotic potential of phytosterol oxidation products with their corresponding cholesterol oxidation products

Cited by 111 publications

References 54 publications

Yield and qualitative characterisation of seeds of Amaranthus hypochondriacus L. and Amaranthus cruentus L. grown in central Italy

Yield and qualitative characterisation of seeds of Amaranthus hypochondriacus L. and Amaranthus cruentus L. grown in central Italy

Amaranth Seeds and Products – The Source of Bioactive Compounds

The Influence of Drying Process Conditions on the Physical Properties, Bioactive Compounds and Stability of Encapsulated Pumpkin Seed Oil

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