Qualitative and quantitative analysis of gallic acid in Alchemilla vulgaris, Allium ursinum, Acorus calamus and Solidago virga-aurea by chip-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and high performance liquid chromatography

Abstract

This study presents the results obtained from qualitative and quantitative analysis of gallic acid from hydro-alcoholic extracts (methanol, ethanol) of plants from Plantae regnum. Plant qualitative analysis was performed using a novel mass spectrometric (MS) method based on fully automated chip-nanoelectrospray ionization (nanoESI) high capacity ion trap (HCT) while quantitative analysis was carried out by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). These methods were applied to Alchemilla vulgaris -common lady's-mantle (aerial part), Allium ursinum -bear's garlic (leaves), Acorus calamus -common sweet flag (roots), Solidago virga-aurea -goldenrod (aerial part). Obtained results indicated that methanol extracts (96%, 80%) have a gallic acid content ranging between 0.0011 -0.0576 mg mL -1 extract while the ethanol extracts (96%, 60%) exhibit a gallic acid concentration that varies between 0.0010 -0.0182 mg mL -1 extract. © Versita Sp. z o.o.

Basic Chemical Composition, Content of Micro- And Macroelements and Antio Xidant Activity of Different Varieties of Garlic’s Leaves Polish Origin

“…Leaves mainly are the waist product of this plant. Few published paper suggested that leaves have the same, and even richer than the cloves content of sulphur compounds (allicin), chlorophylls, carotenoids, phenolic compounds, and vitamin C [2,8,32].…”

Vasorelaxant and blood pressure lowering effects of alchemilla vulgaris: A comparative study of methanol and aqueous extracts

“…The liquid extracts of A. vulgaris were previously shown to contain flavonoid glycosides composed of quercetin derivatives[ 3 ] and gallic acid. [ 4 ] Supportively, in our recent study, we also determined that the flavonoid amount of A. vulgaris is much higher in the methanol than the aqueous extract and as analysed by HPLC-DAD both extracts contained quercetin and gallic acid as the major vasoactive constituents. [ 10 ] Of these constituents, quercetin was demonstrated to induce relaxations[ 11 ] whereas; gallic acid was reported to produce contractions in isolated rat aorta.…”

“…Alchemilla vulgaris ( A. vulgaris ; lady's mantle), a member of the Rosaceaea family, has traditionally been used to treat bleeding, eczema, inflammation, diarrhoea, ulcers, skin rashes, menstruation disorders and oedema in Europe. [ 3 4 ] It is also used as herbal tea for hypertension[ 5 6 ] and as infusion for diabetes. [ 7 ] Liquid extracts of A. vulgaris were shown to contain flavonoid glycosides composed of quercetin derivatives[ 3 ] and gallic acid.…”

“…[ 7 ] Liquid extracts of A. vulgaris were shown to contain flavonoid glycosides composed of quercetin derivatives[ 3 ] and gallic acid. [ 4 ] It is very well known that the amount of bioactive compounds in plant extracts is subject to change according to several factors such as growth stages, cultivation, insect invasion, season of collection and the method of extraction. [ 8 ] In order to obtain standardization in medicinal plant extracts, all these factors especially the method of extraction should be under rigorous control.…”

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“…Species of genus Alchemilla have been studied mainly for the content of flavonoids, triterpenes, tannins and total phenols [3][4][5][6] . With regard to phenolic acids, we only had data for the content of ellagic and gallic acids in Alchemilla species 7,8 . Phenolic compounds are considered free-radical scavengers 9,10 .…”