Qualification tests of 474 photomultiplier tubes for the inner detector of the Double Chooz experiment

Bauer, C.; Borger, E; Hofacker, R.; Janner, K.; Kaether, F.; Langbrandtner, C.; Lindner, M.; Lucht, S.; Reissfelder, M.; Schönert, S.; Stüken, A.; Wiebusch, C. H.

doi:10.1088/1748-0221/6/06/p06008

Cited by 44 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 4 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…The boundaries of the NT, GC and Buffer are made of transparent acrylic vessels, while the Buffer volume is surrounded by a steel tank and optically separated from an outer layer described below. There are 390 low background 10-inch photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) [10,11] positioned on the inner surface of the buffer tank. Orientation and positions of the PMT assemblies and dimensions of the tank walls were verified by photographic survey.…”

Section: Double Chooz Detectormentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved measurements of the neutrino mixing angle θ 13 with the Double Chooz detector

Abe¹,

Anjos²,

Barrière³

et al. 2014

J. High Energ. Phys.

260

244

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Section: Double Chooz Detectormentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved measurements of the neutrino mixing angle θ 13 with the Double Chooz detector

Abe¹,

Anjos²,

Barrière³

et al. 2014

J. High Energ. Phys.

260

244

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“…It shields from radioactivity of photomultipliers (PMTs) and of the surrounding rock, and is one of the major improvements over the CHOOZ experiment [4]. 390 10-inch PMTs [30][31][32] are installed on the stainless steel buffer tank inner wall to collect light from the inner volumes. These three volumes and the PMTs constitute the inner detector (ID).…”

Section: +012mentioning

confidence: 99%

Indication of Reactorν¯eDisappearance in the Double Chooz Experiment

Abe¹,

Aberle²,

Akiri³

et al. 2012

Phys. Rev. Lett.

1,096

732

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The Double Chooz Experiment presents an indication of reactor electron antineutrino disappearance consistent with neutrino oscillations. An observed-to-predicted ratio of events of 0.944 ± 0.016 (stat) ± 0.040 (syst) was obtained in 101 days of running at the Chooz Nuclear Power Plant in France, with two 4.25 GW th reactors. The results were obtained from a single 10 m 3 fiducial volume detector located 1050 m from the two reactor cores. The reactor antineutrino flux prediction used the Bugey4 flux measurement after correction for differences in core composition. The deficit can be interpreted as an indication of a non-zero value of the still unmeasured neutrino mixing parameter sin 2 2θ13. Analyzing both the rate of the prompt positrons and their energy spectrum we find sin 2 2θ13= 0.086 ± 0.041 (stat) ±0.030 (syst), or, at 90% CL, 0.017 < sin 2 2θ13 < 0.16. We report first results of a search for a non-zero neutrino oscillation [1] mixing angle, θ 13 , based on reactor antineutrino disappearance. This is the last of the three neutrino oscillation mixing angles [2,3] for which only upper limits [4,5] are available. The size of θ 13 sets the required sensitivity of long-baseline oscillation experiments attempting to measure CP violation in the neutrino sector or the mass hierarchy.In reactor experiments [6,7] addressing the disappearance ofν e , θ 13 determines the survival probability of electron antineutrinos at the "atmospheric" squaredmass difference, ∆m 2 atm . This probability is given by:where L is the distance from reactor to detector in meters and E the energy of the antineutrino in MeV. The full formula can be found in Ref.[1]. Eq. 1 provides a direct way to measure θ 13 since the only additional input is the well measured value of |∆m 2 atm | = (2.32Other running reactor experiments [9,10] are using the same technique.Electron antineutrinos of < 9 MeV are produced by reactors and detected through inverse beta decay (IBD): ν e + p → e + + n. Detectors based on hydrocarbon liquid scintillators provide the free proton targets. The IBD signature is a coincidence of a prompt positron signal followed by a delayed neutron capture. We present here our first results with a detector located ∼ 1050 m from the two 4.25 GW th thermal power reactors of the Chooz Nuclear Power Plant and under a 300 MWE rock overburden. The analysis is based on 101 days of data including 16 days with one reactor off and one day with both reactors off.The antineutrino flux of each reactor depends on its thermal power and, for the four main fissioning isotopes, 235 U, 239 Pu, 238 U, 241 Pu, their fraction of the total fuel content, their energy released per fission, and their fission and capture cross-sections. The fission rates and associated errors were evaluated using two predictive and complementary reactor simulation codes: MURE [17,18] and DRAGON [19]. This allowed a study of the sensitivity to the important reactor parameters (e.g.. thermal power, boron concentration, temperatures and densities). The quality of these simulations...

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“…Each of the 800 PMTs for both Double Chooz detectors was characterized thoroughly, and the measured characteristics are reported in [62][63][64][65][66]. The overall efficiency (quantum efficiency × collection efficiency) was found to be 23%.…”

Section: Outer Muon Vetomentioning

confidence: 99%

The measurement of the neutrino mixing angle θ13 with reactor neutrino experiments

Lachenmaier

2015

Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics

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Qualification tests of 474 photomultiplier tubes for the inner detector of the Double Chooz experiment

Cited by 44 publications

References 4 publications

Improved measurements of the neutrino mixing angle θ 13 with the Double Chooz detector

Improved measurements of the neutrino mixing angle θ 13 with the Double Chooz detector

Indication of Reactorν¯eDisappearance in the Double Chooz Experiment

The measurement of the neutrino mixing angle θ13 with reactor neutrino experiments

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