Quadrupole lamp furnace for high temperature (up to 2050K) synchrotron powder x-ray diffraction studies in air in reflection geometry

Abstract

A four-lamp thermal image furnace has been developed to conduct high temperature x-ray diffraction in reflection geometry on oxide ceramic powder samples in air at temperatures ⩽2050K using synchrotron radiation. A refractory crucible made of Pt20%Rh alloy was used as a specimen holder. A material with well characterized lattice expansion properties was used as an internal crystallographic thermometer to determine the specimen temperature and displacement. The performance of the apparatus was verified by measurement of the thermal expansion properties of CeO2, MgO, and Pt which were found to be within ±3% of the acceptable values. The advantages, limitations, and important considerations of the instrument developed are discussed.

In situ studies of oxidation of ZrB2 and ZrB2–SiC composites at high temperatures

“…Plate samples were mounted vertically, perpendicular to the incident X-ray beam, in a specially designed sample holder made with Pt-20%Rh and heated using a quadrupole lamp furnace (QLF). 35 The schematic of the sample holder along with the specimen is shown in Fig. 2.…”

“…The effect of SiC on the oxidation of ZrB 2 in ZrB 2 -SiC composites was also evaluated. A specially designed quadrupole lamp furnace (QLF), which allows heating of samples up to 2000 • C in air, [32][33][34][35] was used in conjunction with a high resolution curved image plate (CIP) detector for these studies. 36,37 Using this method, the oxidation of ZrB 2 to ZrO 2 was monitored in real time, independent of other accompanying processes.…”

Effect of transition-metal-ion doping on high temperature thermal expansion of 3:2 mullite—An in situ, high temperature, synchrotron diffraction study

“…Powder specimens were mounted in 0.3 mm diameter fused quartz capillary (Charles Supper Company, Natick, MA, USA) and heated using a quadrupole lamp furnace (QLF). 37,38 The QLF is a radiation heating furnace, and can be used to conduct HTXRD investigations of ceramics in air up to 2000 • C in air. 37,38 XRD patterns were acquired at high temperatures over the range of 2-35 • in 2θ, using the newly designed one-dimensional curved image plate (CIP) detector.…”

“…37,38 In order to maximize randomization of the crystallites the capillary specimens were rotated at 60 rpm.…”

Growth of textured mullite fibers using a quadrupole lamp furnace

“…The details of the experimental apparatus and detector information have been reported in other papers. [18][19][20][21][22] The primary objective of this research was to investigate the possibility of producing single crystal or textured fibers of mullite by controlled texturing or crystallization of polycrystalline or amorphous fibers as precursors. In order to produce textured fibers by extrusion, the use of mullite whiskers as templates was investigated.…”