“…Vortex, by CMLabs, which provides a set of libraries for rigid-body dynamics, collision detection, contact creation, and collision response, is a real-time physics-based 3D visualization and simulation software tool [8]. It is widely applied in vehicles [9], robotics [10], virtual reality [11] and other areas. In this article we build a tracked vehicle dynamic model with the Vortex toolkit for the driving simulator.…”