“…The formulation UBQP is notable for its ability to represent a wide range of important problems, including those from social psychology (Harary (1953)), financial analysis (Laughunn (1970); McBride and Yormark (1980)), computer aided design (Krarup and Pruzan (1978)), traffic management (Gallo et al (1980); Witsgall (1975)), machine scheduling (Alidaee et al (1994)), cellular radio channel allocation (Chardaire and Sutter (1994)) and molecular conformation (Phillips and Rosen (1994)). Moreover, many combinatorial optimization problems pertaining to graphs such as determining maximum cliques, maximum cuts, maximum vertex packing, minimum coverings, maximum independent sets, maximum independent weighted sets are known to be capable of being formulated by the UBQP problem as documented in papers of Pardalos and Rodgers (1990), Pardalos and Xue (1994).…”