QCD in curved space-time: A conformal bag model

Kharzeev, Dmitri E.; Levin, E.; Tuchin, Kirill

doi:10.1103/physrevd.70.054005

Cited by 73 publications

(122 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…In some articles devoted to the chromoelectric flux tube model (see, e.g., [12,14,35]) one can meet an inexact interpretation of the well-known Schwinger formulas describing pair-creation from vacuum by a constant electric field [2]. Such an interpretation may lead to incorrect results for some field strengths, as noted in [36].…”

Section: One-particle Correlation Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One can see that with such choice of sources, the generating operator (14) becomes the density operatorρ β of the system that was in thermal equilibrium at the initial time instant. Using relation (100) from the Appendix, we obtain an explicit expression forρ β ,…”

Section: Generating Density Operatormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In such a picture, after a nuclei collision, a strong classical chromo-electric-magnetic field is created due to relatively slow fluctuations of the color density. Such a field is sufficiently uniform in the direction that is transversal to the beam direction and has a longitudinal chromoelectric component [14,23]. This component is much more intensive than the transversal component, see [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considerable attention has been recently focused on a mechanism of fast thermalization in heavy-ion collisions (see [14,39] and references therein). A possibility is discussed of a thermal one-particle distribution due to quantum creation of particles from vacuum by strong electric-like fields.…”

Section: Is It Really a Thermal Distribution?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considerable attention has been recently focused on a non-perturbative parton production from vacuum by a classical chromoelectric field of SU(3) [12,13] and SU (2) [14] in the framework of a modern version of the known chromoelectric flux tube model [15], the latter being an effective model for the confinement of quarks in QCD (previously the pair creation by a constant field has been calculated for SU (2) in [16] and for SU (3) in [17]). The model ensures a very good description of the phenomenology of hadron jets in high-energy e + − e − and p −p collision experiments (for further development of the basic model and phenomenological applications, see, e.g., review [18]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Density matrix of a quantum field in a particle-creating background

2008

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We consider the time evolution of a quantized field in backgrounds that violate the vacuum stability (particle-creating backgrounds). Our aim is to study the exact form of the final quantum state (the density operator at a final instant of time) that has emerged from a given arbitrary initial state (from a given arbitrary density operator at the initial time instant) in the course of the evolution. We find a generating functional that allows us to have the density operators for any initial state. Averaging over states of a subsystem of antiparticles (particles), we obtain explicit forms for reduced density operators for subsystems of particles (antiparticles). Studying one-particle correlation functions, we establish a one-to-one correspondence between these functions and the reduced density operators. It is shown that in the general case a presence of bosons (e.g. gluons) in an initial state increases the creation rate of the same kind of bosons. We discuss the question (and its relation to the initial stage of quark-gluon plasma formation) whether a thermal form of one-particle distribution can appear even if the final state of the complete system is not a thermal equilibrium. In this respect, we discuss some cases when a pair creation by an electric-like field can mimic a one-particle thermal distribution. We apply our technics to some QFT problems in slowly varying electric-like backgrounds: electric, SU(3) chromoelectric, and metric. In particular, we study the time and temperature behavior of mean numbers of created particles provided switching on and off effects of the external field are negligible. It is shown that at high temperatures and in slowly varying electric fields the rate of particle creation is essentially time-dependent.

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Section: One-particle Correlation Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Generating Density Operatormentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Is It Really a Thermal Distribution?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Density matrix of a quantum field in a particle-creating background

2008

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In Search of the QCD–Gravity Correspondence

Bra3oveanu

Kharzeev

Martínez

2009

The Physics of the Quark-Gluon Plasma

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Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) is the fundamental theory of strong interactions. It describes the behavior of quarks and gluons which are the smallest known constituents of nuclear matter. The difficulties in solving the theory at low energies in the strongly interacting, non-perturbative regime have left unanswered many important questions in QCD, such as the nature of confinement or the mechanism of hadronization. In these lectures oriented towards the students we introduce two classes of dualities that attempt to reproduce many of the features of QCD, while making the treatment at strong coupling more tractable: (1) the AdS/CFT correspondence between a specific class of string theories and a conformal field theory and (2) an effective low-energy theory of QCD dual to classical QCD on a curved conformal gravitational background. The hope is that by applying these dualities to the evaluation of various properties of the strongly-interacting matter produced in heavy ion collisions one can understand how QCD behaves at strong coupling. We give an outline of the applications, with emphasis on two transport coefficients of QCD matter -shear and bulk viscosities.

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Quark pair creation in color electric fields and effects of magnetic fields

Tanji

2010

Annals of Physics

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The time evolution of a system where a uniform and classical SU(3) color electric field and quantum fields of quarks are dynamically coupled with each other is studied focusing on nonperturbative pair creation and its back reaction. We characterize the color direction of the electric field in a gauge invariant way, and investigate its dependence. Momentum distributions of created quarks show plasma oscillation as well as quantum effects such as the Pauli blocking and interference. Pressure of the system is also calculated, and we show that pair creation moderates degree of anisotropy of pressure. Furthermore, enhancement of pair creation and induction of chiral charge under a color magnetic field which is parallel to the electric field are discussed.

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QCD in curved space-time: A conformal bag model

Cited by 73 publications

References 41 publications

Density matrix of a quantum field in a particle-creating background

Density matrix of a quantum field in a particle-creating background

In Search of the QCD–Gravity Correspondence

Quark pair creation in color electric fields and effects of magnetic fields

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