Q gene variability in wheat species with different spike morphology

Sormacheva, Irina; Golovnina, Kseniya; Vavilova, Valeriya; Kosuge, K.; Watanabe, Naoharu; Блинов, А. Г.; Гончаров, Н. П.

doi:10.1007/s10722-014-0195-1

Cited by 42 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Дикие образцы характеризовались пленчатым, ломким и спельтоидным колосом, а культивируемые -голозерным, неломким и нормальным или компактным колосом. В результате исследования было установлено и проанализировано 17 нуклеотидных последовательностей гена q и подтверждена взаимосвязь между появлением замены аминокислоты валин на изолейцин в позиции 329 и формированием признаков пленчатость -голозерность, ломкоколосость -не ломкоколосость [Sormacheva et al, 2015].…”

Section: генетика адаптивности и архитектоника пшеницunclassified

Genetics of Adaptation and Arkhitectonics of Wheat

Гончаров

Kondratenko

Vavilova

2018

Book of Proceedings of the All-Russian Scientific Conference With International Participation and Schools of Young Scientists

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Природа создала лишь четыре вида диких пшениц двух уровней плоидности (ди-и тетраплоидного) -однозернянки и полбы, использовав при этом только четыреДикие гексаплоиды в природе не обнаружены, равно как и дикие голозерные тетраплоидные пшеницы. Они, если и не являются произведением рук человеческих, то, по крайней мере, есть результат удачного отбора первобытным земледельцем случайно появившихся в природе вариабельных форм . В настоящее время и генетики, и селекционеры обнаружили, что не включенный в генофонд возделываемых видов пул генетической изменчивости (генов) этих диких предков может быть использован для дальнейшего улучшения наиболее продуктивных современных сортов. Считается, что такая стратегия селекции, основанная на широком использовании ранее невостребованных признаков и свойств, а так же генов, контролирующих их выраженность будет способствовать дальнейшему прогрессу селекции и развитию высокопродуктивного сельскохозяйственного производства. Такой подход создания высоко адаптивных, стрессоустойчивых сортов нового поколения за счет использования более широкого генетического разнообразия и диверсификации сортов -особенно привлекателен для обеспечения продовольственной безопасности. Однако для его научного обеспечения необходимо получение новых знаний. Особенно это касается архитектоники растений будущего и создания их модели.Известно, что процесс одомашнивания кардинально изменил архитектонику и свойства диких видов. Признаки голозерность, отсутствие ломкоколосости и яровость сыграли ключевую роль в процессе доместикации и обеспечили успешное культивирование пшеницы на огромных пространствах [Dubcovsky, Dvorak, 2007].Яровые (однолетние) растения проходят весь цикл развития в течение одного лета, в то время как озимые (двулетние) до осени не переходят к генеративному развитию без предварительного воздействия низкой температуры. Яровость-озимость -один из вариантов адаптации пшениц к изменениям условий среды. В природе яровость, по-видимому, возникла как механизм приспособления к определенным

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Section: генетика адаптивности и архитектоника пшеницunclassified

Genetics of Adaptation and Arkhitectonics of Wheat

Гончаров

Kondratenko

Vavilova

2018

Book of Proceedings of the All-Russian Scientific Conference With International Participation and Schools of Young Scientists

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“…sinskajae is the only free-threshing diploid wheat species, but no difference among Q m gene sequences from various diploid wheats are known (Simons et al, 2006;Sormacheva et al, 2015). In diploid wheat species the Sog locus is located on the short arm of the chromosome 2A m (Taenzler et al, 2002) (Table 1).…”

Section: Genes Underlying Spike Morphology In Dif-ferent Wheat Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Spelt factor gene was found to be located on the long arm of chromosome 5A and has been molecularly cloned for a number of wheat species (Faris and Gill, 2002;Faris et al, 2003;Simons et al, 2006;Sormacheva et al, 2015). Polyploid wheat species has an additional homoeologous loci for Q gene on chromosomes 5B and 5D.…”

Section: Genes Underlying Spike Morphology In Dif-ferent Wheat Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two different alleles of this gene, Q and q in the A genome, were identified and associated with a particular spike phenotype. The q allele is presented among wild wheat species with non free-threshing grains and fragile speltoid spikes, while Q allele occurs in wild and cultivated species with free-threshing grains and non fragile not speltoid spikes (Simons et al, 2006;Zhang et al, 2011;Sormacheva et al, 2015). The sequences of q and Q alleles have two main differences: presence of the amino acid substitution in the position 329 (Val/Ile) and the SNP in the binding site of miRNA172 within the exon 10 (T/C).…”

Section: Genes Underlying Spike Morphology In Dif-ferent Wheat Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three main genes/loci are involved in spike shape control in wheat species: Q, C, C2 (Unrau, 1950;Rao, 1972;Goncharov and Gaidalenok, 2005;Simons et al, 2006;Johnson et al, 2008;Zhang et al, 2011;Sormacheva et al, 2015) ( Table 1). The alleles of 5AQ gene, which determines the normal and spelt spike shape in different wheat species, are described above.…”

Section: Dobrovolskaya Et Al 2015mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spike Morphology Genes in Wheat Species (TriticumL.)

Konopatskaia

Vavilova

Блинов

et al. 2016

Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences.

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Contributed by Nikolay P. GoncharovThe review examines the state of knowledge on genes that control the architectonics of wheat plant (spike morphology). It is shown that molecular genetic studies, which have been recently started, allow to find both the orthologous genes from relative species of wheat (barley, rye, etc.) and genes that were not previously used for breeding. Use of these genes for further breeding allows to produce modern wheat commercial cultivars. Key words: spike morphology, plant architecture, gene, wheat species, Triticum. per, we present current knowledge of the agronomically important spike morphology traits in wheat (subtribe Frumentaceae Dum., tribe Triticeae) and explore some of the recent findings in the area of identification of the genes underlying the spike morphology traits. SPIKE MORPHOLOGY TRAITS IN WHEAT SPECIESThe spike is one of the most important parts of a wheat plant. It includes the reproductive organs, produces the seeds, and ensures dispersal of the mature grains. Spike morphology greatly affects breeding, harvest procedures and the yield. Spikes of wheat species differ in several morphological characteristics, including threshability, the presence or absence of awns, spike shape, spike shattering, spike branching and supernumerary spikelets spike (Fig. 1).Threshability. Easy threshing ability is mainly dependent on the tenacity of the glumes covering the grains. The wild species possess hulled grains (syn. non free-threshing), which are covered by a tough glume that remains adhered to the grain after the threshing (Dorofeev and Korovina, 1979). Naked or free-threshing seeds of cultivated wheat species are rounded by soft glumes which release during threshing ( Fig. 1). Wheat varieties with free-threshing seeds appeared during domestication and significantly advanced the efficiency of the threshing process and led to wheat becoming a major crop all over the world (Zhang et al., 2011).The presence or absence of awns. Awns are the threadlike extensions of the lemma. They have photosynthetic function, increase the assimilation of water, and may promote high yield of wheat grown under water-limited conditions (Reynolds and Tuberosa, 2008;Maydup et al., 2010) (Fig. 1). Several comparative studies of the grain yield advantage in awned and awnless lines gave conflicting results. The comprehensive investigation of Rebetzke et al. (2016) showed that awned near-isogenic lines are characterised by slightly greater grain yield due to increased kernel size and reduced screening. It was also demonstrated that awnless wheats with acceptable yield and quality have provide advantage in more favourable environments and future changing climates.In diploid wheat species T. urartu Thum. ex Gandil., T. monococcum, and T. boeoticum Boiss., only awned spikes have been identified to date, but only T. sinskajae A. Filat. et Kurk. has awnless spikes (Dorofeev and Korovina, 1979). Among tetraploid wheat species, all except T. aethiopicum Jakubz. awnless forms were obtained by hybridisation wit...

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Inflorescence Abscission Zones in Grasses: Diversity and Genetic Regulation

Kellogg

2018

Annual Plant Reviews Online

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Abscission of the fruit and associated floral structures, also called shattering, is a crucial survival strategy for propagation of wild grasses, and the loss of shattering in cereal crops is one of the most important domestication traits. Abscission occurs in specialised cell layers called the abscission zone (AZ). The fruit and floral AZs in different grass species are morphologically and anatomically diverse. In this article, we take a comparative approach and summarise our knowledge of the AZs in grasses at morphological, anatomical, and genetic levels. We show that the AZs in different grass species differ in terms of the position along the inflorescence, cell shapes of the AZ, and cell wall properties in the AZ, indicating distinctive mechanisms of abscission in these species. We further review the progress in illuminating the genetic regulation of AZ development in a few cereal crops. Current data suggest both conserved regulatory molecular mechanisms within grasses and between grass and dicot models, as well as unique gene functions currently found only in certain grass species. The rapid growth of genomic sequencing and molecular technologies will further advance our understanding of the molecular regulatory network and evolution of the AZ development.

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Q gene variability in wheat species with different spike morphology

Cited by 42 publications

References 40 publications

Genetics of Adaptation and Arkhitectonics of Wheat

Genetics of Adaptation and Arkhitectonics of Wheat

Spike Morphology Genes in Wheat Species (TriticumL.)

Inflorescence Abscission Zones in Grasses: Diversity and Genetic Regulation

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