Pyrrolopyrimidine, A Multifaceted Scaffold in Cancer Targeted Therapy

Abstract

Pyrrolopyrimidine derivatives represent a class of biologically active heterocyclic compounds which can serve as promising scaffolds that display remarkable biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antiviral and anticancer. In the last few years, several pyrrolopyrimidine derivatives have been approved by the US FDA and in other countries for the treatment of different diseases or are currently in phase I/II clinical trials. Due to their inimitable antioxidant and anti-tumor properties, researchers were inspired to develop novel derivatives for the treatment of different types of cancer. The present review summarizes recent literature up to 2017 on the most recent development in the medicinal chemistry of pyrrolopyrimidine derivatives and their potential as anticancer therapeutics, especially compounds acting as kinase inhibitors.

Oxidative Stress and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE): Implications in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Aging-related Diseases

“…The Schiff base produced by the covalent binding of 4-HNE-Lys forms a very stable pyrrole compound after cyclization. Pyrrole and its derivatives exhibit significant anticancer activities [ 94 ]. Therefore, 4-HNE can spread from the site of origin, change the structure and function of a corresponding protein, and lead to carcinogenesis.…”

Synthesis and Evaluation of Fused Pyrimidines as E. coli Thymidylate Monophosphate Kinase Inhibitors

“…However, lack of cellular activity is prevalent in many studies, likely due to a combination of poor cell membrane penetration and expulsion from the cells by efflux pumps and transporter proteins. Pyrrolopyrimidine is versatile scaffold in medicinal chemistry [8] and several FDA approved drugs are on the market [9] . Due to their bioisosteric relationship to purines this compound class is especially suited for the construction of kinase inhibitors for cancer treatment [10] .…”

Synthesis of novel pyrroles and fused pyrroles as antifungal and antibacterial agents

“…Pyrroles and its fused derivatives, are an important class of naturally 22,23 and synthetically [24][25][26] occurring compounds with a wide-range of biological activities; antibacterial [27][28][29] , antifungal [30][31][32][33] , antiviral [34][35][36][37][38][39] , anticancer 40,41 and anti-inflammatory 42,43 . Pyrrolnitin and fludioxonil, are two naturally secreted pyrroles, reported to bear a broad spectrum antifungal activities [44][45][46] .…”