Pyrrolizidine alkaloids from seven wild-growing Senecio species in Serbia and Montenegro

Abstract

The genus Senecio (family Asteraceae) is one of the largest in the world. It comprises about 1100 species which are the rich source of pyrrolizidine alkaloids. Plants containing pyrrolizidine alkaloids are among the most important sources of human and animal exposure to plant toxins and carcinogens. The pyrrolizidine alkaloids of seven Senecio species (S. erucifolius, S. othonnae, S. wagneri, S. subalpinus, S. carpathicus, S. paludosus and S. rupestris) were studied. Fourteen alkaloids were isolated and their structures determined from spectroscopic data ( 1 H-and 13 C-NMR, IR and MS). Five of them were identified in S. erucifolius, four in S. othonnae, two in S. wagneri, four in S. subalpinus, two in S. carpathicus, three in S. paludosus and three in S. rupestris. Seven pyrrolizidine alkaloids were found for the first time in particular species. The results have chemotaxonomic importance. The cytotoxic activity and antimicrobial activity of some alkaloids were also studied.

The evolution of pyrrolizidine alkaloid biosynthesis and diversity in the Senecioneae

“…Senecioninae: gynuroids 76 76 Smith and Culvenor (1981), Rizk (1990) Smith and Culvenor (1981), Robins (1982), Rizk (1990), Ahmad et al (1994), Hartmann and Witte (1995) Solanecio angulatus Roeder et al (1984b), Rizk (1990), Ahmad et al (1994), Hartmann and Witte (1995), , Christov and Evstatieva (2003), Pelser et al (2005), Mandic et al (2009) Klásek et al (1968), Luethy et al (1981), Robins (1982), Mattocks (1986), Smith and Culvenor (1981), Rizk (1990), Ahmad et al (1994), Hartmann and Witte (1995) Smith and Culvenor (1981), Robins (1982), Mattocks (1986), Rizk (1990), …”

“…Smith and Culvenor (1981), Robins (1982), Mattocks and Driver (1987), Rizk (1990), Hartmann and Witte (1995) Senecio squalidus , 5, 6, 8, 14, 79 Liddell (1999), Christov and Evstatieva (2003), Kostova et al (2006), Mandic et al (2009) Smith and Culvenor (1981), Robins (1982), Roeder et al (1986), Rizk (1990), Ahmad et al (1994), Hartmann and Witte (1995), , Christov and Evstatieva (2003) Senecio varicosus , 5, 8, 9, 20, 21 1, 5, 8, 9 20, 21 Robins (1994), …”

Changes in the infrared attenuated total reflectance (ATR) spectra of lignins from alfalfa stem with growth and development

“…The spectrum of KL in the third development stage of alfalfa (Fig. 5c) In other detailed structural study, [16][17][18] contemporary comparison of the composition of lignin from alfalfa stem with growth and development were made. The spectra of ADL and PerL were similar.…”

Activity-guided isolation and identification of anti-staphylococcal components from Senecio tenuifolius Burm. F. leaf extracts

“…The investigations indicated neurotoxic, mutagenic, carcinogenic, but also antitumor effects of plant's pyrrolizidine alkaloids [14] . On the other hand, many Senecio species are used in traditional medicine due to fair amount of therapeutic values, which makes them very interesting.…”