Pyrroles and their Benzo Derivatives: Applications

Crystal structure of methyl-2-methyl-4-(2-oxo-2-phenylethyl)-5-phenyl-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylate, C21H19NO3

“…The pyrrole [4][5][6][7] ring is one of the most common skeletal features found in heterocycles and natural products [8][9][10]. Generally, pyrroles possess a broad spectrum of biological activities such as antimicrobial [11], telomerase inhibitory [12], antifungal [13], cardiotonic [14], pheromonal [15], and phytotoxic e ects [16].…”

Transition Metal‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Fused Five‐Membered Aromatic Heterocycles

“…The indole ring system is incorporated into a vast number of structurally diverse biologically active natural and synthetic compounds [147][148][149][150][151][152][153][154][155][156][157]. Consequently, the indole ring system has become an essential, or so called privileged, structural motif in many pharmaceutical agents [156,158]. Furthermore, indole-containing structures have found widespread application as materials with an array of valuable properties [5,156,158,159], as well as reactive intermediates in the synthesis of fine chemicals [6,9,64,[160][161][162][163][164].…”

“…Consequently, the indole ring system has become an essential, or so called privileged, structural motif in many pharmaceutical agents [156,158]. Furthermore, indole-containing structures have found widespread application as materials with an array of valuable properties [5,156,158,159], as well as reactive intermediates in the synthesis of fine chemicals [6,9,64,[160][161][162][163][164]. Not surprisingly, investigation of the chemistry of this fascinating heterocycle has been sustained to be one of the most important objectives of heterocyclic chemistry for over 100 years.…”

Synthesis, reactivity, and electronic structure of multifarious, five-membered heteroaryl and heteroaroyl azides

“…For other conversions, the tetrazol-5-ones A react with an equimolar amount of the heteroaroyl chlorides, leading to the 1-heteroaroyl-4-heteroaryltetrazol-5-ones C. (see Scheme 32) If the thermal decomposition of azidomethanones 1-5 plus the azido[5-(trimethylsilyl)-2-selenophene]methanone 6 is carried out at 90°C in the presence of neat N-methylpyrrole, then the main products are N-linked 2-heteroaryl-1-methylpyrrole-2-carboxamides 1b−6b at a yield of 68-83% via direct attack of isocyanates 1a−6a on the pyrrole ring. 67 (see Scheme 33) The resulting compounds 1b−6b are of special interest as a potential nitrogen mustard of the diastomycin type, 68 while the heteroaryl amide linkage can play a synergistic role in bioactivity. Scheme 33…”