Pyroxene-based glass-ceramics as glazes for floor tiles

Development and testing of multi-phase glazes for adhesive bonding to zirconia substrates

“…Glaze research in the tile industry suggests that glass-ceramic glazes would be good candidates to improve the mechanical properties of glazes. 48 Modifications to the substrate thermal expansion coefficient (TEC), due to the transformation mechanism following sandblasting of these substrates may also affect the interfacial stresses.…”

Using bone ash as an additive in porcelain sintering

“…Albite or orthoclase are usually used as flux and contain high sodium or potassium oxide content, respectively [1,2]. Less common raw materials used as fluxes include phyllite, pegmatites, and, more recently, phonolites, soda-lime scrap-glass and slag [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. However, different types and proportions of fluxes can modify the firing temperature and final mechanical resistance of the products.…”

Microstructure and cleanability of uncoated and fluoropolymer, zirconia and titania coated ceramic glazed surfaces

“…The development of glass-ceramic glazes in the tile industry has recently received much attention because improved mechanical properties are demanded in the final products. 3 Recently, glazed surfaces have been coated with special functional layers to achieve soil-repelling properties and to enhance the cleanability. Examples of special functional layers are fluoropolymer and titania coatings.…”