Pyrolysis of Waste Polystyrene and High-Density Polyethylene

Lee, Kyong-Hwan

doi:10.5772/31798

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…During pyrolysis of PS due to a structure within a stable benzene ring, a higher yield of liquid products can be achieved and at the same time a lower yield of gaseous products during pyrolysis of poly-olefin polymers (PE, PP) with a plain carbon structure, without a benzene ring. Macromolecules of PS were less cracked in to gaseous products with five or less C atoms, so distribution of the products is dependent on the plastic type [33].…”

Section: Temperature Influence On the Plastic Pyrolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature and time influence on the waste plastics pyrolysis in the fixed bed reactor

Papuga¹,

Gvero²,

Vukić³

2016

Therm sci

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Pyrolysis as a technique of chemical recycling of plastic materials is causing an increasing level of interest as an environmentally and economically acceptable option for the processing of waste materials. Studies of these processes are carried out under different experimental conditions, in different types of reactors and with different raw materials, which makes the comparison of different processes and the direct application of process parameters quite complex. This paper presents the results of investigation of the influence of temperature in the range of 450-525 °C, on the yield of the process of pyrolysis of waste plastics mixture, composed of 45% polypropylene, 35% low density polyethylene, and 25% high density polyethylene. Also, this paper presents results of the investigation of the effect of the reaction, at intervals of 30-90 minutes, on the yield of pyrolysis of the mentioned waste plastics mixture. Research was conducted in a fixed bed pilot reactor, which was developed for this purpose. The results of the research show that at a temperature of 500 °C, complete conversion of raw materials was achieved, for a period of 45 minutes, with a maximum yield of the pyrolysis oil of 32.80%, yield of the gaseous products of 65.75%, and the solid remains of 1.46%. A further increase of temperature increases the yield of gaseous products, at the expense of reducing the yield of pyrolysis oil. Obtained pyrolysis oil has a high calorific value of 45.96 MJ/kg and in this regard has potential applications as an alternative fuel.

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Section: Temperature Influence On the Plastic Pyrolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature and time influence on the waste plastics pyrolysis in the fixed bed reactor

Papuga¹,

Gvero²,

Vukić³

2016

Therm sci

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“…Plastic pyrolysis in these reactors provides flexible operations with respect to the residence time. 228 However, the reactor experiences formation of heat gradients due to improper heat transfer during pyrolysis, which further results in secondary reactions to increase the yields of solid residue. Other disadvantages of this reactor include the requirement of large installations and high maintenance cost.…”

Section: Polypropylene (Pp)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…STR is the most common reactor being used for diverse chemical processes (Figure ). Plastic pyrolysis in these reactors provides flexible operations with respect to the residence time . However, the reactor experiences formation of heat gradients due to improper heat transfer during pyrolysis, which further results in secondary reactions to increase the yields of solid residue.…”

Section: Pyrolysis Of Plastic Wastementioning

confidence: 99%

Thermochemical Recycling of Waste Plastics by Pyrolysis: A Review

et al. 2021

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The increasing demand for plastics for their widespread applications has ultimately resulted in accumulation of substantial plastic waste, which remains a concern due to limited efforts, inadequacy, and environmental distresses of conventional techniques for waste plastics remediation. The enhanced production of raw materials for polymer syntheses has a dual impact on our ecosystem by causing rapid depletion of nonrenewable petroleum resources and waste generation. To address this situation, researchers have adopted advanced thermochemical recycling processes to produce intermediate products of the petrochemical industries including monomers, fuels, and other value-added products. Such practices can potentially serve the purpose of a circular economy. This review aims to cover the recent highlights in the field of waste plastics pyrolysis including critical observations from the past to provide precise understanding. Consequently, the reactivities and product distributions for plastic feeds, pyrolysis reactors, roles of catalysts, and effects of operating parameters on reactivity and selectivity have been covered. Coprocessing of plastic waste with radioactive materials, biomass, and heavy petroleum residue is also discussed. Furthermore, an overview on kinetics and mechanistic aspects of plastic pyrolysis is presented with a discussion on relevant analytical techniques. The applications of pyrolysis oil as a fuel or fuel additive are comprised in a separate section. Lastly, comparisons of existing chemical recycling technologies, summaries of commercial operations, and future projections are provided.

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“…Naime, pri pirolizi PS, zbog strukture sa stabilnim benzenskim prstenom, dobija se veći prinos tečnih produkata, a manji prinos gasa nego pri pirolizi poliolefinskih polimera (PE, PP) sa ravnom ugljikovodoničnom strukturom bez benzenskog prstena. Makromolekule PS se manje kidaju u gasne produkte sa 5 ili manje C atoma, tako da raspodjela produkata veoma zavisi od tipa plastike (30).…”

Section: Rezultati I Diskusija Uticaj Temperature Na Pirolizu Plastikeunclassified

Uticaj Temperature Na Pirolizu Otpadne Plastike U Reaktoru Sa Fiksnim Slojem

Papuga

Gvero

Vukić

2014

GHTERS

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Originalni naučni radPiroliza, kao jedna od tehnika hemijske reciklaže plastičnih materijala, danas izaziva sve veća intersovanja kao ekološki i ekonomski prihvaljiva opcija obrade otpadnih materijala. Istraživanja ovih procesa se provode pri različitim eksperimentalnim uslovima, u različitim vrstama reaktora i sa različitim sirovinama, što čini poređenje procesa i direktnu primjenu procesnih parametara dosta složenim. U ovom radu dati su rezultati istraživanja uticaja temperature, u intervalu od 450°C do 525°C, na prinos procesa pirolize smjese otpadne plastike u sastavu: polipropilen 40%, polietilen niske gustine 35% i polietilen visoke gustine 25%. Istraživanja su provedena u pilot reaktoru sa fiksnim slojem koji je razvijen za ovu namjenu. Rezultati provedenih istraživanja pokazuju da se pri temperaturi od 500°C postiže potpuna konverzija sirovine u vremenu od 45 min, uz maksimalni prinos pirolitičkog ulja od 32,80%, prinos gasovitih produkata od 65,75% i čvrsti ostatak od 1,46%. Sa daljim porastom temperature raste prinos gasovitih produkata, na račun smanjenja prinosa pirolitičkog ulja. Dobijeno pirolitičko ulje ima visoku toplotnu moć (45,96 МЈ/kg), te u tom pogledu ima potencijal primjene kao alternativno gorivo.Ključne riječi: piroliza, reaktor sa fiksnim slojem, otpadna plastika, temperatura procesa UVODKao rezultat stalnog povećanja potrošnje plastičnih materijala, u većini zemalja uključujući i BiH, prisutan je trend stalnog povećanja produkcije otpadne plastike (1). Danas su u Evropi najtraženije vrste plastike poliolefinski polimeri, odnosno polipropilen PP (19%), polietilen niske gustine LDPE (17%) i polietilen visoke gustine HDPE (12%), pri čemu se najveći dio ove plastike koristi za ambalažu, oko 39,4% (2). Prema zvaničnoj evropskoj statistici, u zemljama članicama EU prosječno se stvara 159,4 kg ambalažnog otpada po stanovniku godišnje, pri čemu udio otpadne plastike u ukupnoj količini ambalažnog otpada iznosi 19% (3). Prema domaćoj zvaničnoj statistici u 2012. godini ukupna količina proizvedenog i prikupljenog komunalnog otpada u Republici Srpskoj je iznosila 376.438 t, odnosno 250.223 t, respektivno, pri čemu je najmanje prikupljeno ambalažnog otpada, 445 t ili 0,2%, dok detaljniji podaci o eventualnim količinama i vrstama otpadne plastike nisu navedeni (4,5,6). Ipak, može se reći da je kao i u drugim zemljama, većina reciklabilne ambalaže prisutne na tržištu sačinjena od HDPE, LDPE, PP, polietilen-tereftalata (PET), polivinil-hlorida (PVC) i polistirena (PS) (7).Većina plastičnih materijala nije biorazgradljiva, ima malu gustinu te je nepoželjno njihovo odlaganje na deponije (8). Jedna od tehnika hemijske reciklaže plastičnih materijala je i piroliza odnosno termičko krekovanje, koja danas izaziva sve veće interesovanje kao ekološki i ekonomski prihvaljiva opcija obrade otpadnih materijala. Piroliza se definiše kao termohemijski proces razgradnje organskih materija usljed zagrijavanja u inertnoj atmosferi. Zavisno od primijenjene tehnologije, proces se može voditi kako u smjeru dobijanja gor...

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Pyrolysis of Waste Polystyrene and High-Density Polyethylene

Cited by 15 publications

References 25 publications

Temperature and time influence on the waste plastics pyrolysis in the fixed bed reactor

Temperature and time influence on the waste plastics pyrolysis in the fixed bed reactor

Thermochemical Recycling of Waste Plastics by Pyrolysis: A Review

Uticaj Temperature Na Pirolizu Otpadne Plastike U Reaktoru Sa Fiksnim Slojem

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