Pyrolysis of used automobile tires and residual char utilization

Zabaniotou, Α.; Stavropoulos, George

doi:10.1016/s0165-2370(03)00042-1

Cited by 199 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Other novel designs of pyrolysis reactors have been investigated for pyrolysis of tyres, including, spouted beds (Olazar et al, 2008;Lopez et al 2010), vacuum pyrolysis (Roy et al, 1999), drop tube (Zabaniotou and Stavropoulos, 2003) and wire mesh and other rapid heating reactors (Leung et al, 2002, Huang andTang, 2009). Olazar and co-workers (2004;Lopez et al, 2010) used a conical spouted bed reactor to study the pyrolysis of tyres.…”

Section: Other Types Of Reactormentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pyrolysis of waste tyres: A review

2013

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Approximately 1.5 billion tyres are produced each year which will eventually enter the waste stream representing a major potential waste and environmental problem. However, there is growing interest in pyrolysis as a technology to treat tyres to produce valuable oil, char and gas products. The most common reactors used are fixed-bed (batch), screw kiln, rotary kiln, vacuum and fluidised-bed. The key influence on the product yield, and gas and oil composition, is the type of reactor used which in turn determines the temperature and heating rate. Tyre pyrolysis oil is chemically very complex containing aliphatic, aromatic, heteroatom and polar fractions. The fuel characteristics of the tyre oil shows that it is similar to a gas oil or light fuel oil and has been successfully combusted in test furnaces and engines. The main gases produced from the pyrolysis of waste tyres are H 2 , C 1 -C 4 hydrocarbons, CO 2 , CO and H 2 S. Upgrading tyre pyrolysis products to high value products has concentrated on char upgrading to higher quality carbon black and to activated carbon. The use of catalysts to upgrade the oil to a aromatic-rich chemical feedstock or the production of hydrogen from waste tyres has also been reported. Examples of commercial and semi-commercial scale tyre pyrolysis systems show that small scale batch reactors and continuous rotary kiln reactors have been developed to commercial scale.

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Section: Other Types Of Reactormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High heating rate tyre pyrolysis using a electrically heated wire mesh microreactor system was investigated by Zabaniotou and Stavropoulos (2003). The wire mesh process involved placing about 200 mg of the tyre rubber (0.18 -1.0 mm particle size) on a wire…”

Section: Other Types Of Reactormentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrolysis of waste tyres: A review

2013

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“…The levels were chosen based on literature data 3,5,6,9 as well as on limitations imposed by the control system.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The complex composition of scrap tires hinders their recycling. A tire may be manufactured from diverse kinds of natural and synthetic rubber, including styrenebutadiene polymers 2,3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of operating conditions on scrap tire pyrolysis

et al. 2008

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The ever growing focus on environmental issues has raised concerns about scrap tires, whose major component -vulcanized rubber -does not degrade easily. When burned, tires release toxic gases containing substantial amounts of sulfur and ammonia in addition to other pollutants. Dumped on empty city lots, tires are also a breeding ground for mosquitoes. Many proposals have been put forward to handle the disposal of scrap tires, but none of them have proved to offer a definitive solution. The study reported here investigated the production of fuel oil and activated carbon from the pyrolysis of scrap tires. The initial mass of rubber yielded approximately 46% of oil, 40% of activated carbon and 14% of gases. The resulting activated carbon displayed a specific surface area of 200 m 2 .g −1 .

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“…The adsorption capacity depends on the textural properties of the carbons such as porosity, surface area, nature of the adsorbate and the adsorbate concentration [5,6]. The surface characteristics and the internal pore structure of the activated carbon play an important role in adsorption processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Characterization of Surface Porosity in Tannery Sludge Derived Adsorbent

Geethakarthi¹

2017

J Civil Environ Eng

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In this work, activated carbons were prepared by a combination of physical and chemical activation from raw tannery sludge. The burn-off and the yield percentage of the acid activated carbons were evaluated for two particle size namely 600 µm (TSC600) and 300 µm (TSC300). The developed activated carbons were characterized and analysed for adsorption isotherm under nitrogen atmosphere at -196.86°C. The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Thermo Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) and the functional groups were also identified for the tannery sludge activated carbons. The thermal stability for the activated carbons TSC600 and TSC300 were confirmed by their exothermic peaks at 971.1°C and 897.4°C respectively. The higher surface area of the sludge carbons was obtained by the BET isotherm plot, suggesting the application of the produced carbon as a potential adsorbent. The surface area of TSC600 and TSC300 at the activating condition was 188.205 m 2 /g and 212.32 m 2 /g. The pore size distribution of the sludge developed was obtained by BET isotherm under the BJH method (19.77 A°<200 A°) and HK method (5.25 A°<200 A°). The developed carbons were dominated by micropores and mesopores.

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Pyrolysis of used automobile tires and residual char utilization

Cited by 199 publications

References 13 publications

Pyrolysis of waste tyres: A review

Pyrolysis of waste tyres: A review

Effect of operating conditions on scrap tire pyrolysis

Development and Characterization of Surface Porosity in Tannery Sludge Derived Adsorbent

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